TABLE 2.
Organ assessment with magnetic resonance imaging.
Publication details | Study design | Parameters measured for viability testing | Imaging | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Authors | Animal | Organ | Hemodynamics | Histology | Blood parameters/gas contents | Organ-specific | Imaging method |
Agius 2022 [19] |
Pig | Kidney | - | Cortical biopsies Silver Jones and Periodic AcidSchiff staining |
- | Urine output | T2-weighted imaging, dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (pMRSI) |
Liu 2007 [20] |
Pig | Liver | - | Hemotoxylineosin stained biopsies | Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) |
- | Diffusion weighted MRI with contrast enhancement |
Mariager 2020 [11] | Pig | Kidney | Flow, pressure and temperature | - | Blood gas, metabolite and electrolyte values | Urine production | T1 and T2 imaging, hyperpolarized spectroscopy and/or spectral spatial imaging and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI |
Mariager 2021 [21] | Flow and pressure | - | Blood gas, metabolite and electrolyte values | - | CINE MR imaging, hyperpolarized spectroscopy and/or spectral spatial imaging and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI | ||
Schutter 2021 [22] | Pig and Human | Kidney | Flow and pressure | Cortical punch biopsies Periodic acid– Schiff staining | Arterial blood gas values | Urine composition and production | Arterial spin labelling (ASL) |
Schutter 2023 [10] | Pig and Human | Kidney | Flow, pressure and temperature | - | - | Urine production | T2- and T2*-weighted imaging, arterial spin labelling and hyperpolarized spectroscopy and/or spectral spatial imaging |
Vaillant 2016 [23] | Pig and sheep |
Heart | Left ventricle pressure and flow | - | pH | Heart rate and action potential | Cine imaging, phase contrast for velocity-encoded cine flow imaging, T1 mapping with late gadolinium enhanced mapping and 31P MR spectroscopy. |
Yang 2008 [24] |
Pig | Heart | Pressure and resistance | Heart slices analysed with near-infrared and various types of staining. | Blood gas values | Heart rate | T1-weighted and contrast (Mn)enhanced MRI |