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. 2024 Jul 23;37(6):1139–1157. doi: 10.1007/s10548-024-01070-2

Table 2.

Statistical summary for the changes in the activation levels across sessions (T1 vs. T0, T2 vs. T0 and T2 vs. T1) in specific regions of interest (ROIs) (left and right auditory cortices, left inferior parietal lobule, and left frontal/prefrontal cortex) during the auditory test. Numbers in the brackets illustrate the 95% confidence intervals (α corrected at 0.05/3) along with corresponding effect sizes. Single, double and triple asterisks indicate statistical significance where zeros are outside the 95%, 99% and 99.9% confidence intervals, respectively (in bold)

Task ROI Condition Confidence interval (CI) and effect size T1 vs. T0 T2 vs. T0 T2 vs. T1
Auditory task Left auditory cortex Speech

CI

Effect size

[-2.846, 1.416]

-0.035

[-5.848, 0.463]

-0.455

[-4.919, 0.006]

-0.618

Non-speech

CI

Effect size

[0.284, 3.501]*

0.708*

[-1.558, 4.231]

0.364

[-2.825, 3.000]

-0.062

Speech vs. non-speech

CI

Effect size

[-4.590, 0.602]

-0.490

[-7.723, -2.235]***

-0.970***

[-3.876, -0.217]*

-0.682*

Right auditory cortex Speech

CI

Effect size

[-2.421, 2.318]

0.003

[-2.844, 1.064]

-0.245

[-4.992, 1.467]

-0.159

Non-speech

CI

Effect size

[-1.581, 3.462]

0.202

[-1.635, 2.562]

0.124

[-3.927, 2.835]

-0.073

Speech vs. non-speech

CI

Effect size

[-2.417, 1.811]

-0.249

[-2.985, 1.242]

-0.353

[-3.108, 2.186]

-0.087

Left inferior parietal lobule Speech

CI

Effect size

[-3.296, 2.200]

-0.226

[-5.494, 1.639]

-0.350

[-3.182, 1.944]

-0.273

Non-speech

CI

Effect size

[-1.782, 0.407]

-0.008

[-2.153, 1.631]

-0.090

[-1.236, 1.591]

-0.129

Speech vs. non-speech

CI

Effect size

[-2.496, 2.823]

-0.274

[-4.357, 1.580]

-0.387

[-3.221, 2.554]

-0.144

Left frontal/

prefrontal cortex

Speech

CI

Effect size

[-4.393, -1.766]***

-1.062***

[-4.179, -1.058]***

-0.880***

[-1.969, 1.473]

0.027

Non-speech

CI

Effect size

[-1.705, 1.146]

-0.056

[-1.593, 1.038]

-0.158

[-2.481, 2.242]

-0.124

Speech vs. non-speech

CI

Effect size

[-4.261, -0.529]**

-0.904**

[-3.732, -0.370]*

-0.761*

[-1.361, 1.709]

0.232