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. 2024 Aug 12;49:bjae030. doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjae030

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© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 4. — Ephaptic inhibition is stronger for correlated than for uncorrelated fluctuating odorant stimuli. (a) Valve states for delivering mixed, but uncorrelated fluctuating streams of odorant A (MHXE, blue) and B (HEPN, orange). Time course of the 2 odorant stimuli A and B measured with a photoionisation detector (PID). Recorded spikes from an ab3 sensillum in 5 different trials with automatically detected ab3A spikes (blue) and ab3B spikes (orange). (b) Valve states for delivering mixed, correlated fluctuating streams of odorant A and B (AB_A or AB_B; the index indicates whether A and B fluctuated with the time course A or B) and for mixed, uncorrelated fluctuating odorant streams (AB_i). (c) Victor–Purpura spike train distances (D_VP) for different comparisons of correlated and uncorrelated odorant mixture stimulations. Box plots show the distribution of within-animal pairwise comparisons for different stimulus pairs of single odorants (A or B), correlated mixtures (AB_A or AB_B), and uncorrelated mixtures (AB_i). Low values indicate similar spike trains and higher values indicate different spike trains. The effects are strongest in high concentration, ab3B: Spike trains are highly reproducible (low D_VP values for (B, B)), and highly reproducible when an incognate odorant is added (low D_VP values for (AB_i, AB_i)). However, adding an incognate odorant changes the response patterns as compared to the cognate odorant alone [(AB_i, B) and (AB_B, B) as compared to (AB_i, AB_i) and (B, B)]. Ephaptic coupling increases when the 2 odorants are correlated [D_VP values are higher for (AB_B, B) than for (AB_i, B)]. The same results are found for ab3B at low concentration, but the effect is weaker for ab3A at high concentration and absent for ab3A at low concentration. Horizontal lines mark the medians, boxes show interquartile ranges, whiskers extend to ±1.5 times the interquartile ranges, and outliers are drawn as points. Stars show significance levels (two-sided U test; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.005; ***P < 0.0005). Data from 6 flies for the low concentration and 8 flies for the high concentration. Each stimulus was presented 5 times. A color version of this figure appears in the online version of this article.