Table 2.

Differences in diabetes outcomes associated with not experiencing, compared with experiencing, food needs among all individuals assessed for food needs.

Timepoint	Hemoglobin A1c		Systolic Blood Pressure		Diastolic Blood Pressure		LDL Cholesterol
	Estimated Mean Difference, % (95% CI)	p-value	Estimated Mean Difference, mm Hg (95% CI)	p-value	Estimated Mean Difference, mm Hg (95% CI)	p-value	Estimated Mean Difference, mg/dL (95% CI)	p-value
6 Months	−0.13 (−0.17 to −0.09)	<0.0001	−0.44 (−0.68 to −0.20)	0.0003	−0.26 (−0.40 to −0.11)	0.0004	−0.30 (−1.40 to 0.81)	0.60
12 Months	−0.12 (−0.16 to −0.09)	<0.0001	−0.67 (−0.97 to −0.38)	<0.0001	−0.21 (−0.38 to −0.04)	0.01	−0.60 (−1.80 to 0.60)	0.33
18 Months	−0.15 (−0.19 to −0.10)	<0.0001	−0.63 (−0.98 to −0.29)	0.0003	−0.39 (−0.59 to −0.19)	0.0002	−0.40 (−1.66 to 0.86)	0.54
24 Months	−0.19 (−0.24 to −0.14)	<0.0001	−1.04 (−1.40 to −0.68)	<0.0001	−0.48 (−0.69 to −0.27)	<0.0001	−1.13 (−2.41 to 0.15)	0.08
30 Months	−0.21 (−0.27 to −0.15)	<0.0001	−0.51 (−1.01 to 0.00)	0.0498	−0.50 (−0.82 to −0.18)	0.002	0.65 (−0.71 to 2.01)	0.35
36 Months	−0.20 (−0.28 to −0.11)	<0.0001	−0.23 (−1.06 to 0.61)	0.60	−0.56 (−1.01 to −0.11)	0.02	1.21 (−0.84 to 3.26)	0.25

Estimated mean difference compares the estimated difference in outcomes between counterfactual scenarios in which individuals did not versus did experience a food need from the time of first food need assessment to the specified time point, using a longitudinal targeted minimum loss estimation approach. A negative value indicates an association with estimated benefit.

LDL = Low Density Lipoprotein.

CI = Confidence Interval.