Table 1.

Baseline characteristics.

Characteristics	Infarct subtype			Total (n = 1568)
	Small subcortical infarct (n = 517)	Large subcortical and cortical infarct (n = 759)	Infratentorial infarct (n = 361)
Female, n (%)	235 (45.5) *	290 (38.2) *	121 (33.5) *	626 (39.9) *
Age in years, mean (SD)	66.3 (11.7) *	67.7 (11.7) *	68.1 (11.4) *	67.3 (11.5) *
Education, n (%)
Lower than secondary school	265 (51.3) *	398 (52.4) *	188 (52.1) *	816 (52.0) *
Secondary school	122 (23.6) *	164 (21.6) *	71 (19.7) *	343 (21.9) *
Technical school or college	57 (11.0) *	65 (8.6) *	33 (9.1) *	153 (9.8) *
University or higher	73 (14.1) *	132 (17.4) *	69 (19.1) *	256 (16.3) *
Baseline NIHSS, mean (SD)	2.5 (2.5) #	4.3 (4.9) #	3.1 (3.6) #	3.5 (4.0) #
History of stroke and TIA, n (%)	64 (12.9) #	114 (15.0) #	51 (14.1) #	217 (14.4) #
Imaging characteristics
Normalized acute infarct volume (mL), median (IQR)	1.1 (1.2) *	11.2 (22.2) *	1.7 (6.7) *	2.6 (11.4) *
Presence of an old infarct, n (%)	73 (14.1)	177 (23.3)	73 (20.2)	302 (19.3)
Normalized WMH volume (mL), median (IQR)	8.3 (17.0) *	6.0 (15.4) *	8.6 (18.7) *	7.1 (16.4) *
Cognitive performance, mean (SD)
MoCA	23.5 (4.0) *	22.3 (4.6) $	23.5 (9.4) $	23.0 (4.4) $
Domain z-score
Attention and executive functioning (n = 1470)	−0.6 (1.0) #	−0.9 (1.1) #	−0.6 (1.0) #	−0.7 (1.0) #
Information processing speed (n = 1467)	−0.5 (1.1) #	−0.8 (1.2) #	−0.5 (1.0) #	−0.6 (1.2) #
Language (n = 1537)	−0.6 (1.0) #	−0.9 (1.1) #	−0.7 (1.0) #	−0.7 (1.1) #
Verbal memory (n = 1545)	−0.8 (1.2) #	−1.1 (1.3) #	−0.9 (1.1) #	−0.9 (1.2) #

SD: standard deviation; NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; TIA: transient ischemic attack; IQR: interquartile range; WMH: white matter hyperintensity; MoCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment.

Patients with multiple infarcts can be represented in more than one stroke category.

^*Missing in < 1%.

^#Missing in 1–10%.

^$Missing in > 10%.