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. 2024 Aug 19;8(1):e002520. doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2024-002520

Table 4. Univariate analysis of factors associated with NEC occurrence.

Variables NEC group(n=23) No NEC group(n=23) P value
Prostaglandin (days), median (IQR) 6.8 (3.83–11.00) 6.21 (4.00–8.00) 0.39
Maximal dose of prostaglandin (µg/kg/min), median (IQR) 0.05 (0.038–0.05) 0.047 (0.029–0.06) 0.08
Minimal dose of prostaglandin (µg/kg/min), median (IQR) 0.025 (0.013–0.042) 0.016 (0.006–0.034) 0.36
Epinephrine, n (%) 11 (47.8) 19 (82.6) 0.017
Maximal dose of epinephrine (µg/kg/min), median (IQR) 0 (0–0.06) 0.04 (0.02–0.14) 0.057
Norepinephrine, n (%) 9 (39.1) 11 (47.8) 0.55
Maximal dose of norepinephrine (µg/kg/min), median (IQR) 0 (0–0.09) 0 (0–0.07) 0.32
ECMO, n (%) 3 (13.0) 4 (17.4) 0.5
Antibiotics, n (%) 15 (65.2) 18 (78.3) 0.326
Antifungal, n (%) 3 (13.0) 2 (8.1) 0.636
Transfusion, n (%) 17 (73.9) 14 (60.9) 0.345
Peritoneal dialysis, n (%) 4 (17.4) 13 (56.5) 0.007
Breastfeeding, n (%) 15 (68.2) 10 (43.5) 0.095
Feeding volume (mL/kg/day), mean (SD) 47.6 (±39.3) 61.2 (±24.6) 0.368
Fasting (days), median (IQR) 3 (0–6) 2 (1–4) 0.31
Clinical data
 Minimal DBP, (mm Hg), mean (SD) 26.1 (±3.9) 30.3 (±5.8) 0.008
 Minimal NIRSv, (%), median (IQR) 37.9 (25.8–44.5) 44.6 (33.6–53.9) 0.083
 Input–output fluid balance (mL/kg/day), median (IQR) −19.6 (−31.9–−2.18) −49.4 (−60.2–−29.38) 0.002
Biological data
 Acute renal failure 16 (69.5) 15 (65.2) 0.518
 Lactates (mmol/L), median (IQR) 5.5 (4–10.7) 5.6 (4.3–10.8) 0.771
 Haematocrit (%), mean (SD) 33.3±7.3 30.2±5.6 0.531
 pH min, mean (SD) 7.14±0.14 7.2±0.14 0.098
 pH max, mean (SD) 7.52±0.09 7.59±0.08 0.083
Peroperative data
 Age at surgery, (days), median (IQR) 16.5 (7–26.5) 7.5 (6.75–13.25) 0.018
 Length of CPB (min), median (IQR) 144.5 (0–206.25) 79 (0–166.25) 0.2
 Length of clamping (min), median (IQR) 50 (0–109.25) 28 (6–95) 0.39
 Temperature min (°C), mean (SD) 28.8 (±7.4) 31.2 (±5.3) 0.25
Length of stay
 ICU (days), median (IQR) 28 (14–42) 9 (6–18) 0.0001
 Hospital (days), median (IQR) 59 (39–103) 23 (20–45) 0.001
 Death, n (%) 8 (34.8) 2 (8.7) 0.035

CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ICU, intensive care unitMax, maximal; Min, minimal; NECnecrotising enterocolitisNIRSv, visceral near infrared spectroscopy