Table 2.
Water boiling-related information
| Characteristics | Total | Households with boiled water | Households without boiled water | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (n = 101) | % | n (n = 91) | % | n (n = 10) | % | ||
| Presence of boiled water (95%confidence intervals) | (82.5–95.1%) | ||||||
| How to boil the water | |||||||
| Open cooking stove | 99 | 98.0 | 90 | 98.9 | 9 | 90.0 | 0.189 |
| Electric pot | 2 | 2.0 | 1 | 1.1 | 1 | 10.0 | |
| Fuel material | (n = 99) | (n = 90) | (n = 9) | ||||
| Wood | 99 | 100.0 | 90 | 100.0 | 9 | 100.0 | |
| Fuel stockpile | (n = 99) | (n = 90) | (n = 9) | ||||
| For within a week | 36 | 36.4 | 32 | 35.6 | 4 | 44.4 | 0.367 |
| For 1–3 weeks | 16 | 15.2 | 15 | 16.7 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| For 4 weeks or longer | 48 | 48.5 | 43 | 47.8 | 5 | 55.6 | |
| Place of boiling | |||||||
| Outside the living room but inside the house | 60 | 59.4 | 55 | 60.4 | 5 | 50.0 | 0.714 |
| Inside the living room | 25 | 24.8 | 22 | 24.2 | 3 | 30.0 | |
| Outside the house | 16 | 15.8 | 14 | 15.4 | 2 | 20.0 | |
| Tool of the boiling | |||||||
| Kettle | 93 | 92.1 | 85 | 93.4 | 8 | 80.0 | 0.529 |
| Pot | 6 | 5.9 | 5 | 5.5 | 1 | 10.0 | |
| Electronic pot | 2 | 2.0 | 1 | 1.1 | 1 | 10.0 | |
| Number of boiling tools | |||||||
| One | 63 | 62.4 | 55 | 60.4 | 8 | 80.0 | 0.664 |
| Two | 34 | 33.7 | 32 | 35.2 | 2 | 20.0 | |
| Three | 4 | 4.0 | 4 | 4.4 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Type of the container for boiled water | |||||||
| Kettles | 38 | 37.6 | 29 | 31.9 | 2 | 20.0 | 0.109 |
| Picher | 31 | 30.7 | 25 | 27.5 | 5 | 50.0 | |
| Bottles | 30 | 29.7 | 36 | 39.6 | 2 | 20.0 | |
| Electric pot | 2 | 2.0 | 1 | 1.1 | 1 | 10.0 | |
| When was the last time you or other member boiled water? | |||||||
| Today/yesterday | 97 | 96.0 | 89 | 97.8 | 8 | 80.0 | 0.048 |
| 2–3 days before | 2 | 2.0 | 1 | 1.1 | 1 | 10.0 | |
| 4 ≥ days before | 2 | 2.0 | 1 | 1.1 | 1 | 10.0 | |
| Do you have a fixed schedule for boiling water? | |||||||
| Yes | 91 | 90.1 | 86 | 94.5 | 5 | 50.0 | < .001 |
| No | 10 | 9.9 | 5 | 5.5 | 5 | 50.0 | |
| Frequency of boiling water in a week | |||||||
| Everyday | 95 | 94.1 | 88 | 96.7 | 7 | 70.0 | 0.012 |
| 3 or 4 times a week | 5 | 5.0 | 3 | 3.3 | 2 | 20.0 | |
| 1 or 2 times a week | 1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 10.0 | |
| Timing of boiling in a day | |||||||
| In the morning | 85 | 84.2 | 78 | 85.7 | 7 | 70.0 | 0.128 |
| In the evening | 3 | 3.0 | 2 | 2.2 | 1 | 10.0 | |
| Whenever necessary | 13 | 12.9 | 11 | 12.1 | 2 | 20.0 | |
| Do you put something in water during/after boiling? | |||||||
| Yes | 96 | 95.0 | 87 | 95.6 | 9 | 90.0 | 0.413 |
| No | 5 | 5.0 | 4 | 4.4 | 1 | 10.0 | |
| What do you put in water? | (n = 96) | (n = 87) | (n = 9) | ||||
| Leaf | 86 | 85.1 | 77 | 88.5 | 9 | 100.0 | 1.000 |
| Branch | 3 | 3.0 | 3 | 3.4 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Root | 6 | 5.9 | 6 | 6.9 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Vietnam tea leaf | 1 | 1.0 | 1 | 1.1 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Reason for putting things in water | (n = 96) | (n = 87) | (n = 9) | ||||
| To taste good | 70 | 72.9 | 66 | 75.9 | 4 | 44.4 | |
| To boil water fast | 13 | 13.5 | 11 | 12.6 | 2 | 22.2 | |
| To improve water for health purposes | 7 | 7.3 | 6 | 6.9 | 1 | 11.1 | |
| To clean water | 5 | 5.2 | 4 | 4.6 | 1 | 11.1 | |
| I don’t know | 1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 11.1 | |