Table 2.
Movement behaviors, executive function and academic performance of children at ages 5.5 and 8 years in the GUSTO cohort.
| Movement behaviors | Executive function/Academic performance | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| At age 5.5 y (n = 314) | At age 8 y (n = 388) | At age 8.5 years/9 years | |
| Accelerometer measured 24 h movement behaviors (min/d), arithmetic mean (SD) | |||
| Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity | 72 (24) | 72 (26) | |
| Light physical activity | 347 (48) | 335 (54) | |
| Inactivity/sedentary behavior | 487 (67) | 510 (68) | |
| Total sleep duration | 535 (42) | 523 (45) | |
| Domain-specific physical activity | |||
| Participate in organized physical activity (yes) | 141 (45%) | 174 (45%) | |
| Levels of indoor active play time | |||
| Low | 123 (39%) | 144 (37%) | |
| Medium | 103 (33%) | 140 (36%) | |
| High | 88 (28%) | 104 (27%) | |
| Levels of outdoor active play time | |||
| Low | 117 (37%) | 140 (36%) | |
| Medium | 108 (34%) | 122 (31%) | |
| High | 89 (28%) | 126 (32%) | |
| Active commuting time to school (yes) | 181 (58%) | 200 (52%) | |
| Domain-specific inactivity/sedentary behavior | |||
| Screen viewing time, (min/d), Mean (SD) | |||
| Total screen viewing | 114 (87) | 181 (128) | |
| Television viewing | 57 (51) | 88 (75) | |
| Handheld devices viewing | 40 (45) | 64 (71) | |
| Sitting and playing board/card games (yes) | 104 (33) | 137 (35) | |
| Reading books, Mean (SD) | 25 (26) | 34 (35) | |
| Executive function score based on NEPSY-II at age 8.5 years, Mean (SD) | 0.01 (0.70) | ||
| Academic achievement score based on WIAT-III at age 9 years, Mean (SD) | 0.03 (0.91) | ||
SD, standard deviation; min/d, minutes per day; NEPSY, NEuroPSYchology test; WIAT, Wechsler Individual Achievement Test.