Table 1.
Tumor and lifestyle characteristics of the men diagnosed with prostate cancer who had prediagnosis or postdiagnosis adiposity dataa
| BMI (N = 1968) | Waist circumference (n = 1091) | Hip circumference (n = 793) | Waist to hip ratio (n = 793) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Follow-up time (ie, from return of either baseline or follow-up questionnaire until censoring), median (5th-95th percentile), y | 9.5 (2.0-17.6) | 8.4 (2.0-18.3) | 7.6 (2.0-18.8) | 7.6 (2.0-18.8) |
| Age at diagnosis, median (5th-95th percentile), y | 66 (55-77) | 65 (54-74) | 65 (54-75) | 65 (54-75) |
| Disease stage—EPIC stage classification, No. (%) | ||||
| In situ | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Localized | 710 (36) | 308 (28) | 116 (15) | 116 (15) |
| Metastatic | 49 (3) | 6 (1) | 6 (1) | 6 (1) |
| Metastatic, regional | 77 (4) | 41 (4) | 18 (2) | 18 (2) |
| Metastatic, distant | 56 (3) | 52 (5) | 17 (2) | 17 (2) |
| Unknown/missing | 1076 (55) | 684 (63) | 636 (80) | 636 (80) |
| Tumor stage—TNM code or, if TNM not available, EPIC stage classification , No. (%) | ||||
| Localized (T0-T2 and N0-NX and M0) | 824 (42) | 314 (29) | 123 (16) | 123 (16) |
| Advanced (T3-T4 and/or N1-N3 or M1) | 382 (19) | 191 (18) | 129 (16) | 129 (16) |
| Unknown/missing | 762 (39) | 586 (54) | 541 (68) | 541 (68) |
| Tumor grade—EPIC grade classification, No. (%) | ||||
| Well differentiated | 58 (3) | 24 (2) | 24 (3) | 24 (3) |
| Moderately differentiated | 282 (14) | 119 (11) | 119 (15) | 119 (15) |
| Poor/undifferentiated | 91 (5) | 280 (26) | 40 (5) | 40 (5) |
| Unknown/missing | 1537 (78) | 668 (61) | 610 (77) | 610 (77) |
| Tumor grade—Gleason score or, if not available, EPIC grade classification, No. (%) | ||||
| Gleason score 2-6 (well differentiated) | 632 (32) | 272 (25) | 156 (20) | 156 (20) |
| Gleason score 7 (moderately differentiated) | 456 (23) | 208 (19) | 146 (18) | 146 (18) |
| Gleason score 8-10 (poorly or undifferentiated) | 211 (11) | 117 (11) | 65 (8) | 65 (8) |
| Unknown/undetermined | 669 (34) | 494 (45) | 426 (54) | 426 (54) |
| Tumor grade—Gleason score, otherwise EPIC grade classification (Gleason score 7 [moderately differentiated] as a separate category and split into 3 + 4 or 4 + 3), No. (%) | ||||
| Gleason score 2-6 (well differentiated) | 632 (32) | 272 (25) | 156 (20) | 156 (20) |
| Gleason score 7 (3 + 4) (moderately differentiated) | 199 (10) | 91 (8) | 50 (6) | 50 (6) |
| Gleason score 7 (4 + 3) (moderately differentiated) | 78 (4) | 22 (2) | 18 (2) | 18 (2) |
| Gleason score 8-10 (poorly or undifferentiated) | 211 (11) | 117 (11) | 65 (8) | 65 (8) |
| Unknown/undetermined | 848 (43) | 589 (54) | 504 (64) | 504 (64) |
| Anthropometry | ||||
| BMI | ||||
| BMI, median (5th-95th percentile) | 26 (22-33) | 26 (22-33) | 26 (22-33) | 26 (22-33) |
| Underweight (<18.5), No. (%) | 8 (0) | 5 (0) | 5 (1) | 5 (1) |
| Normal weight (18.5-24.9), No. (%) | 643 (33) | 363 (33) | 262 (33) | 262 (33) |
| Overweight (25-29.9), No. (%) | 1037 (52) | 572 (52) | 414 (52) | 414 (52) |
| Obese (≥30), No. (%) | 280 (14) | 151 (14) | 112 (14) | 112 (14) |
| Unknown, No. (%) | —b | —b | —b | —b |
| Waist circumference | ||||
| Waist circumference, median (5th-95th percentile) | 97 (82-115) | 97 (82-115) | 97 (81-115) | 97 (81-115) |
| Unknown, No. (%) | 877 (45) | —b | —b | —b |
| Hip circumference | ||||
| Hip circumference, median (5th-95th percentile) | 101 (90-114) | 101 (90-114) | 101 (90-114) | 101 (90-114) |
| Unknown, No. (%) | 1175 (60) | 298 (27) | —b | —b |
| Waist to hip ratio | ||||
| Waist to hip ratio, median (5th-95th percentile) | 1 (0.85-1.06) | 0.96 (0.85-1.06) | 0.96 (0.85-1.06) | 0.96 (0.85-1.06) |
| Unknown, No. (%) | 1175 (60) | 298 (27) | —b | —b |
| Smoking status, No. (%) | ||||
| Never smoker | 645 (33) | 334 (31) | 243 (31) | 243 (31) |
| Former smoker | 979 (50) | 537 (49) | 397 (50) | 397 (50) |
| Current smoker | 270 (14) | 182 (17) | 118 (15) | 118 (15) |
| Unknown | 74 (4) | 38 (3) | 35 (4) | 35 (4) |
| Cambridge Physical Activity Index, No. (%) | ||||
| Inactive | 495 (25) | 284 (26) | 215 (27) | 215 (27) |
| Moderately inactive | 591 (30) | 396 (36) | 298 (38) | 298 (38) |
| Moderately active | 322 (16) | 197 (18) | 126 (16) | 126 (16) |
| Active | 256 (13) | 184 (17) | 124 (16) | 124 (16) |
| Missing | 304 (15) | 30 (3) | 30 (4) | 30 (4) |
| Highest school level (baseline), No. (%) | ||||
| None | 29 (2) | 6 (1) | 6 (1) | 6 (1) |
| Primary school completed | 657 (33) | 364 (33) | 266 (34) | 266 (34) |
| Technical/professional school | 433 (22) | 249 (23) | 174 (22) | 174 (22) |
| Secondary school | 224 (11) | 140 (13) | 116 (15) | 116 (15) |
| Longer education (including university degree) | 525 (27) | 285 (26) | 185 (23) | 185 (23) |
| Not specified | 78 (4) | 35 (3) | 35 (4) | 35 (4) |
| Unknown | 22 (1) | 12 (1) | 11 (1) | 11 (1) |
| Prostate-specific antigen level, median (5th-95th percentile) | 11 (3-134) | 12 (3-249) | 11 (2-166) | 11.1 (2-166) |
a
Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole number. The characteristics of individuals are taken from each respective time frame (either baseline or follow-up) for which the individual was selected according to the eligibility criteria of this study (ie, for any variables that also had follow-up measurements). BMI = body mass index; EPIC = European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
b
Unknown or missing data.