Table 1. Summary Statistics.
| Characteristic | Visits, No. (%)a | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All services (N = 2 507 943) | Contraceptive services (n = 591 143) | Diabetes or cholesterol screening (n = 767 923) | Depression screening (n = 123 544) | Wellness visits (n = 1 667 311) | |
| Patients | |||||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 54.02 (13.19) | 51.88 (14.56) | 56.77 (12.06) | 51.82 (15.31) | 53.19 (13.53) |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 1 804 637 (71.96) | 569 149 (96.28) | 447 147 (58.23) | 78 529 (63.56) | 1 166 889 (69.99) |
| Male | 703 306 (28.04) | 21 994 (3.72) | 320 776 (41.77) | 45 015 (36.44) | 500 422 (30.01) |
| Race and ethnicity | |||||
| Asian | 20 658 (0.82) | 3975 (0.67) | 6704 (0.87) | 949 (0.77) | 13 096 (0.79) |
| Hispanic | 139 950 (5.58) | 27 847 (4.71) | 43 741 (5.70) | 8352 (6.76) | 94 090 (5.64) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 219 646 (8.76) | 55 219 (9.34) | 77 855 (10.14) | 9267 (7.50) | 147 150 (8.83) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 1 372 223 (54.72) | 297 186 (50.27) | 419 350 (54.61) | 67 292 (54.47) | 909 941 (54.58) |
| Otherb | 25 412 (1.01) | 5373 (0.91) | 8022 (1.04) | 1202 (0.97) | 16 484 (0.99) |
| Missing | 730 054 (29.11) | 201 543 (34.09) | 212 251 (27.64) | 36 482 (29.53) | 486 550 (29.18) |
| Annual household income, $ | |||||
| <30 000 | 313 972 (12.52) | 86 209 (14.58) | 104 947 (13.67) | 14 534 (11.76) | 208 859 (12.53) |
| 30 000-49 999 | 250 672 (10.00) | 61 982 (10.49) | 85 459 (11.13) | 11 550 (9.35) | 168 428 (10.10) |
| 50 000-74 999 | 333 707 (13.31) | 76 123 (12.88) | 110 045 (14.33) | 15 397 (12.46) | 220 801 (13.24) |
| 75 000-99 999 | 320 582 (12.78) | 64 990 (10.99) | 100 428 (13.08) | 15 738 (12.74) | 211 924 (12.71) |
| ≥100 000 | 585 299 (23.34) | 105 266 (17.81) | 162 294 (21.13) | 31 331 (25.36) | 388 442 (23.3) |
| Missing | 703 711 (28.06) | 196 573 (33.25) | 204 750 (26.66) | 34 994 (28.33) | 468 857 (28.12) |
| Education | |||||
| High school or less | 478 062 (19.06) | 121 725 (20.59) | 161 966 (21.09) | 20 668 (16.73) | 320 057 (19.20) |
| Some college | 824 540 (32.88) | 178 277 (30.16) | 257 554 (33.54) | 40 505 (32.79) | 544 486 (32.66) |
| Associate degree or higher | 479 867 (19.13) | 89 356 (15.12) | 136 562 (17.78) | 26 465 (21.42) | 319 140 (19.14) |
| Missing | 725 474 (28.93) | 201 785 (34.13) | 211 841 (27.59) | 35 906 (29.06) | 483 628 (29.01) |
| Servicesc | |||||
| Billed cost, total (median), $ | 2145 (630) | 4149 (748) | 2552 (936) | 1511 (880) | 1780 (614) |
| Denials | |||||
| All | 33 564 (1.34) | 9492 (1.61) | 13 854 (1.80) | 3370 (2.73) | 19 701 (1.18) |
| Benefit denial | 16 895 (0.67) | 6069 (1.03) | 6202 (0.81) | 2110 (1.71) | 10 121 (0.61) |
| Billing error | 12 786 (0.51) | 2514 (0.43) | 6320 (0.82) | 1065 (0.86) | 6907 (0.41) |
| Coverage lapse | 3472 (0.14) | 958 (0.16) | 1105 (0.14) | 286 (0.23) | 2585 (0.16) |
| Alternative coverage | 2526 (0.10) | 669 (0.11) | 896 (0.12) | 119 (0.01) | 1743 (0.10) |
| Other | 568 (0.02) | 168 (0.03) | 248 (0.03) | 101 (0.08) | 359 (0.02) |
a
Inclusion in a column requires that a patient received that specific preventive service on the included date. Sample sizes represent the total number of patient-date pairs that include the index preventive service; this includes a total of 4 218 512 preventive services.
b
Other race and ethnicity category includes any patient with identified race or ethnicity not in the primary 4 categories.
c
See eTable 1 in Supplement 1 for service definitions based on procedural and diagnostic codes. Billed cost is reported in 2024 US dollars.