TABLE 2.

The application of metabolomics in components, quality evaluation and mechanism of action of TCM.

Application	Study findings	Reference
Components	Totally 1,100 metabolites belonged to 18 categories of E. ulmoides leaves of 193 core collections were comprehensively characterized	Meng et al. (2023)
	Chemical component correlations and disparities in rubber medicinal materials were explored via metabolomics by UPLC-MS	Su et al. (2021)
	Chemical composition of raw and processed Euphorbia pekinensis (EP) were analyzed and compared	Liu et al. (2024a)
Quality evaluation	A total of 10 quality disparity markers across different licorice processing techniques were identified	Wen et al. (2020)
	Quality markers were discovered in JGCC, such as abrine, trigonelline, hypaphorine and isoschaftoside	He et al. (2023)
	11 potential markers were selected to assess the quality of Aurantii Fructus and he best harvest period was within 1 week before and after the Lesser Heat	Liu et al. (2024b)
Mechanism of action	The mechanism of action of Xuefu Zhuyu Tang in treating coronary heart disease may be related to the processes of bile acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and linoleic acid metabolism	Yi et al. (2019)
	CNAG with GHSC patients were associated with disturbed branched-chain amino acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid levels	Wen et al. (2024)
	The mechanism by which HSSD enhances the immunogenicity of CVS vaccine may be related to differential regulation of purine metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism, folate biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis	Tang et al. (2024)