Table 4.
Summary of intervention activities by population engaged (N = 120)a
| Targeted women | Targeted men | Targeted women and men | Targeted children | Targeted other specified individualsb | Targeted unspecified individuals | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | |
| All water-related activities | 46 | 38.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.8 | 4 | 3.3 | 15 | 12.5 | 76 | 63.3 |
| Boiling | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.8 |
| Filtering | 2 | 1.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.8 | 18 | 15.0 |
| Chlorination | 7 | 5.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 5 | 4.2 | 18 | 15.0 |
| Other chemical treatment | 2 | 1.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 1.7 |
| Solar water disinfection (SODIS) | 9 | 7.5 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.8 |
| Flocculation alone | 2 | 1.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Other water safety (for example, safe water storage) | 3 | 2.5 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 4 | 3.3 | 14 | 11.7 |
| Water treatment— improved water source (piped water, standpipe or borehole) | 2 | 1.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 4 | 3.3 |
| Water-related health education | 19 | 15.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.8 | 3 | 2.5 | 4 | 3.3 | 18 | 15.0 |
| All sanitation-related activities | 15 | 12.5 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.8 | 4 | 3.3 | 5 | 4.2 | 33 | 27.5 |
| Sanitation construction and improvements (without marketing and campaign) | 2 | 1.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.8 | 8 | 6.7 |
| Community-led total sanitation (CLTS) | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 4 | 3.3 |
| Sanitation marketing | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 1.7 |
| Child faeces disposal | 3 | 2.5 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.8 | 3 | 2.5 |
| Toilet facility cleaning | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Sanitation—total sanitation campaign | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 5 | 4.2 |
| Sanitation-related health education | 10 | 8.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.8 | 3 | 2.5 | 3 | 2.5 | 11 | 9.2 |
| All hygiene-related activities | 35 | 29.2 | 1 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.8 | 31 | 25.8 | 28 | 23.3 | 53 | 44.2 |
| Hygiene—receiving supplies, handwashing facilities or stations (for example, tippy taps) | 3 | 2.5 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 1.7 | 2 | 1.7 | 7 | 5.8 |
| Tippy tap construction | 1 | 0.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Handwashing | 5 | 4.2 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 1.7 | 7 | 5.8 | 13 | 10.8 |
| Child handwashing | 2 | 1.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 10 | 8.3 | 4 | 3.3 | 2 | 1.7 |
| Hygiene-related health education | 24 | 20.0 | 1 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.8 | 17 | 14.2 | 15 | 12.5 | 31 | 25.8 |
| All health promotion | 29 | 24.2 | 1 | 0.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 2.5 | 16 | 13.3 | 26 | 21.7 |
| General health promotion–recipient | 16 | 13.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 1.7 | 3 | 2.5 | 17 | 14.2 |
| General health promotion–individual engaged as promoter | 13 | 10.8 | 1 | 0.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.8 | 13 | 10.8 | 9 | 7.5 |
aMany studies involved multiple interventions activities, so the total number of activities per group may be greater than the total number of studies (n = 120).
bExamples of ‘other specified individuals’ include daycare administrators and staff, teachers and key informants.