Fig. 5. cHA-LAIV vaccination protects mice from a lethal high-dose seasonal influenza challenge and confers superior upper respiratory tract protection.

Four weeks post-final-boost, mice were challenged with a QIV-matched IVR-180 H1N1 virus using a lethal dose of 100x LD₅₀. a Morbidity was assessed by monitoring weight loss. b Survival of challenged animals. c Viral titers in lungs assessed by plaque assays on day 3 and day 5 post-infection. d Viral titers in nasal turbinates on day 3 and 5 post-infection. Each dot represents one animal. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was compared to QIV standard of care group (Group 7) using 2 way-ANOVA with Dunnett multiple comparisons. ****P- < 0.0001, ***P-0.0001, **P-0.001, *P-0.01. Limits of detection (LOD) is shown in dotted lines.