Table 3.

Measurement invariance results for the full R-GPTS two-factor model in language and culture subsamples

				Threshold ΔCFI > −0.010		Threshold ΔRMSEA < 0.015		Thresholds ΔSRMR < 0.030 metric ΔSRMR < 0.015 scalar
Model	χ2	χ2Scaled	df	CFI	ΔCFI	RMSEA	ΔRMSEA	SRMR	ΔSRMR
English samples (UK, USA, AUS) – N = 1549
Configural invariance	2297.20	977.54	402	0.959		0.053		0.036
Metric invariance	2407.65	1059.79	434	0.955	−0.004	0.053	0.000	0.054	0.018
Scalar invariance	2500.93	1150.45	466	0.951	−0.004	0.053	0.000	0.055	0.001
English/German samples – N = 2065
Configural invariance	3088.76	1300.25	536	0.956		0.053	0.053	0.038
Metric invariance	3266.23	1421.07	584	0.952	−0.004	0.053	0.000	0.058	0.020
Scalar invariance	3499.25	1606.90	632	0.944	−0.008	0.055	0.002	0.060	0.002
English/Hong Kong samples – N = 1994
Configural invariance	3117.78	1403.16	536	0.954		0.057		0.039
Metric invariance	3295.80	1534.59	584	0.950	−0.004	0.057	0.000	0.058	0.019
Scalar invariance	3758.47	1862.41	632	0.935	−0.015	0.062	0.005	0.064	0.006

Note. Cells printed in bold denote indicators of non-invariance.