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. 2024 Sep 19;7(9):e2436157. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36157

Figure 4. Associations of Body Mass Index (BMI) in Women and Men and Adjusted Odds Ratios (ORs) of Miscarriage.

Figure 4.

Adjusted ORs (with 95% CIs) of miscarriage associated with BMI categories. Odds ratios were derived from the exponentiated coefficients of the logistic regression models. An OR greater than 1 indicates increased odds of miscarriage compared with the reference category (normal weight). Main analysis for women was adjusted for participant’s age, ethnicity, educational level, smoking, alcohol consumption, parity, and history of miscarriage. Main analysis for men was adjusted for participant’s age, ethnicity, educational level, smoking, and alcohol consumption (OR of underweight in men must be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size in this group). Several sensitivity analyses were performed, excluding episodes with assisted reproductive technology (eTable 24 in Supplement 1), including only first episodes of participants (eTable 25 in Supplement 1), and including partner’s BMI as a covariate (eTable 26 in Supplement 1).