Skip to main content
. 2024 Sep 19;23:669. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-02308-x

Table 2.

Means, standard deviations, and correlations of the study measures

Study Measures Score# (1) (2) (3) (4)
Toxic Leadership (1) 3.31 (1.09) 1
Workplace Deviance (2) 70.97 (33.02) r = 0.667*** 1
Emotional Exhaustion (3) 31.65 (7.94) r = 0.532*** r = 0.527*** 1
Organizational Cynicism (4) 55.84 (12.23) r = 0.727*** r = 0.585*** r = 0.622*** 1

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.

#Scores are mean (SD) values

r = Pearson correlation