Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population
| Characteristics | ALD | HBV | HCV | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 124, 32%) | (n = 41, 11%) | (n = 219, 57%) | ||
| Age, years | 60 (53 to 70) | 68 (59 to 74) | 69 (63 to 76) | < 0.001 |
| Men | 108 (87) | 21 (51) | 115 (53) | < 0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 22.6 (20.4 to 24.7) | 22.5 (20.9 to 24.6) | 23.0 (21.1 to 25.3) | 0.250 |
| Diabetes | 38 (31) | 13 (32) | 47 (22) | 0.109 |
| Ascites | 66 (53) | 21 (51) | 87 (40) | 0.039 |
| Overt HE | 9 (7) | 4 (10) | 15 (7) | 0.806 |
| MELD score | 10 (8 to 13) | 10 (7 to 12) | 8 (7 to 10) | 0.001 |
| ALBI score | − 1.81 (− 2.27 to − 1.20) | − 1.82 (− 2.42 to − 1.13) | − 1.88 (− 2.36 to − 1.35) | 0.411 |
| Albumin, g/dL | 3.1 (2.5 to 3.60) | 3.0 (2.5 to 3.8) | 3.2 (2.6 to 3.7) | 0.357 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.75 (0.64 to 1.02) | 0.71 (0.55 to 0.80) | 0.73 (0.58 to 0.90) | 0.047 |
| Sodium, mEq/L | 138 (135 to 140) | 139 (135 to 141) | 139 (138 to 141) | < 0.001 |
| Total bilirubin, mg/dL | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.8) | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.6) | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.6) | 0.569 |
| International normalized ratio | 1.13 (1.05 to 1.29) | 1.22 (1.00 to 1.41) | 1.08 (1.02 to 1.17) | 0.002 |
| Ammonia, μg/dL | 63 (44 to 95) | 59 (42 to 73) | 58 (42 to 88) | 0.364 |
| SMI, cm2 | 45.4 (38.3 to 51.2) | 39.9 (35.3 to 46.5) | 44.1 (38.4 to 50.5) | 0.046 |
| SATI, cm2 | 25.3 (13.4 to 37.4) | 42.8 (20.6 to 56.9) | 36.2 (20.3 to 59.4) | < 0.001 |
| VATI, cm2 | 39.8 (26.1 to 58.0) | 29.6 (17.4 to 44.0) | 30.1 (19.4 to 48.6) | 0.005 |
Data are presented as numbers (percentages) or median (interquartile range) values
ALBI Albumin-bilirubin; ALD alcohol-associated liver disease; HBV hepatitis B virus; HCV hepatitis C virus; HE hepatic encephalopathy; MELD model for end-stage liver disease; SATA subcutaneous adipose tissue area; SATI subcutaneous adipose tissue index; SMA skeletal muscle area; SMI skeletal muscle index; VATA visceral adipose tissue area; VATI visceral adipose tissue index
*Continuous and categorical data were compared using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Chi-square test, respectively