Figure 1.

Study design and flowchart. Cases are participants with a CVD event during follow-up including myocardial infarction and its sequelae, angina, non-haemorrhagic stroke, and transient ischaemic attack. Data were randomly split into three sex-stratified, non-overlapping sets: (i) variable selection data set (40%); (ii) training data set (30%), in which Cox models using selected variables were fitted; and (iii) hold-out test data set (30%), in which the predictive accuracy of these models was evaluated and compared with PCEs and QRISK3.