Extended Data Table 1.

Clinicopathological characteristics of PC patients with different recurrence patterns (N=41^#)

	NED		EH only#		LM>6mo		LM<6mo		p value
Patients in group (% all)	9	24%	9	11%	13	20%	10	22%
Male	6	67%	5	56%	10	77%	6	60%	0.732^1
Age - Median (Range)	65.1	(49-83.4)	71.6	(58.6-87.0)	67.5	(57.8-81.1)	67.7	(51.7-77.1)	0.545^2
BMI - Median (Range)	27.9	(24.1-35.0)	32.1	(22.3-37.2)	25.7	(19.5-39.0)	25.5	(20.0-32.4)	0.317 ^2
Biliary obstruction *	4	44%	5	56%	7	54%	8	80%	0.426 ^1
Preop. biliary drainage	4	44%	4	44%	4	31%	4	40%	0.897 ^1
Preop CA19-9 - Median (Range)	90	(<1-130)	147	(3-463)	211.5	(64-1406)	195	(35-1132)	0.368 ^4
Differentiation									0.020 ^ 4
Well	2	22%	0	0%	0	0%	0	0%
Moderate	5	56%	7	78%	8	67%	4	40%
Poor	2	22%	2	22%	4	33%	6	60%
T-stage (per AJCC 8th ed.)									0.652 ^4
1 (<2cm)	1	11%	1	11%	0	0%	0	0%
2 (>2 and <4cm)	6	67%	5	56%	9	69%	8	80%
3(>4cm)	2	22%	2	22%	4	31%	2	20%
4 (invasion of great vessels)	0	0%	1	11%	0	0%	0	0%
N-stage (per AJCC 8th ed.)	6	67%	8	89%	8	61%	6	60%	0.286 ^4
0 (-ve LNs)	3	33%	1	11%	5	39%	4	40%
1 (1-3 +ve LNs)	3	33%	2	22%	4	31%	4	40%
2 (>3 +ve LNs)	3	33%	6	67%	4	31%	2	20%
Lymphovascular invasion	7	78%	3	67%	10	77%	8	80%	0.912 ^1
Perineural invasion	9	100%	8	89%	13	100%	10	100%	^ 1

^#Patients with isolated local recurrence (n=5) as well as patients with inadequate follow-up (n=3) are not shown.

^*Biliary obstruction was defined by the presence of either (a) clinical/biochemical (based on abnormal total bilirubin) evidence of jaundice, or (b) preoperative biliary drainage procedure for the relief of biliary obstruction.

^{^}Statistical tests:

¹Pearson’s %;

²ANOVA;

³Kruskal-Wallis;

⁴Linear-by-Linear Association