Table 1. Monthly means of the HQ related to PM_2.5 according to male and female in eight provinces during 2017–2021.

Month	Chiang Mai		Chiangrai		Lampang		Lamphun		Nan		Phayao		Mae Hong Son		Phrae
	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female
January	1.17 ± 0.08	0.95 ± 0.08	0.81 ± 0.05	0.66 ± 0.05	1.32 ± 0.17	1.07 ± 0.14	1.28 ± 0.20	1.04 ± 0.16	1.03 ± 0.20	0.84 ± 0.16	1.20 ± 0.22	0.98 ± 0.18	0.98 ± 0.39	0.80 ± 0.32	1.50 ± 0.24	1.22 ± 0.19
February	1.71 ± 0.11	1.39 ± 0.09	1.35 ± 0.12	1.10 ± 0.10	1.73 ± 0.17	1.40 ± 0.14	1.72 ± 0.24	1.40 ± 0.19	1.64 ± 0.24	1.34 ± 0.19	1.67 ± 0.24	1.36 ± 0.19	2.60 ± 0.39	2.11 ± 0.32	1.99 ± 0.24	1.62 ± 0.19
March	2.70 ± 0.18	2.20 ± 0.15	4.25 ± 0.35	3.46 ± 0.29	1.78 ± 0.13	1.45 ± 0.11	2.35 ± 0.33	1.91 ± 0.27	2.56 ± 0.35	2.08 ± 0.29	3.08 ± 0.35	2.51 ± 0.29	4.48 ± 0.39	3.65 ± 0.32	2.28 ± 0.24	1.86 ± 0.19
April	1.86 ± 0.12	1.51 ± 0.10	2.90 ± 0.23	2.36 ± 0.18	1.42 ± 0.11	1.16 ± 0.09	1.68 ± 0.24	1.37 ± 0.19	1.72 ± 0.22	1.40 ± 0.18	1.61 ± 0.24	1.31 ± 0.19	2.17 ± 0.39	1.77 ± 0.32	1.35 ± 0.24	1.10 ± 0.19
May	0.84 ± 0.06	0.68 ± 0.05	1.25 ± 0.10	1.01 ± 0.08	0.76 ± 0.06	0.62 ± 0.05	0.80 ± 0.08	0.65 ± 0.07	0.94 ± 0.07	0.76 ± 0.06	0.66 ± 0.07	0.53 ± 0.06	0.54 ± 0.39	0.44 ± 0.32	0.83 ± 0.24	0.68 ± 0.19
June	0.49 ± 0.02	0.40 ± 0.02	0.36 ± 0.01	0.29 ± 0.01	0.32 ± 0.01	0.26 ± 0.01	0.33 ± 0.02	0.26 ± 0.01	0.35 ± 0.02	0.29 ± 0.01	0.27 ± 0.02	0.22 ± 0.01	0.17 ± 0.02	0.14 ± 0.01	0.30 ± 0.24	0.25 ± 0.19
July	0.47 ± 0.02	0.38 ± 0.02	0.28 ± 0.01	0.23 ± 0.01	0.34 ± 0.02	0.27 ± 0.02	0.37 ± 0.02	0.30 ± 0.01	0.36 ± 0.02	0.29 ± 0.01	0.24 ± 0.02	0.19 ± 0.01	0.13 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.01	0.27 ± 0.24	0.22 ± 0.19
August	0.50 ± 0.02	0.41 ± 0.02	0.29 ± 0.01	0.24 ± 0.01	0.35 ± 0.02	0.28 ± 0.02	0.42 ± 0.02	0.34 ± 0.02	0.35 ± 0.02	0.28 ± 0.01	0.24 ± 0.02	0.20 ± 0.01	0.16 ± 0.02	0.13 ± 0.01	0.28 ± 0.24	0.23 ± 0.19
September	0.52 ± 0.02	0.42 ± 0.02	0.37 ± 0.02	0.30 ± 0.02	0.39 ± 0.02	0.32 ± 0.02	0.48 ± 0.02	0.39 ± 0.02	0.40 ± 0.02	0.32 ± 0.02	0.42 ± 0.02	0.34 ± 0.01	0.17 ± 0.02	0.14 ± 0.01	0.44 ± 0.24	0.36 ± 0.19
October	0.60 ± 0.02	0.48 ± 0.02	0.41 ± 0.02	0.33 ± 0.02	0.30 ± 0.02	0.24 ± 0.02	0.61 ± 0.02	0.49 ± 0.02	0.48 ± 0.02	0.39 ± 0.02	0.45 ± 0.02	0.37 ± 0.01	0.26 ± 0.02	0.21 ± 0.01	0.45 ± 0.24	0.36 ± 0.19
November	0.78 ± 0.02	0.63 ± 0.02	0.59 ± 0.02	0.48 ± 0.02	0.39 ± 0.02	0.32 ± 0.02	0.83 ± 0.02	0.67 ± 0.02	0.61 ± 0.02	0.49 ± 0.02	0.67 ± 0.02	0.55 ± 0.01	0.39 ± 0.02	0.32 ± 0.01	0.69 ± 0.24	0.56 ± 0.19
December	0.98 ± 0.04	0.80 ± 0.04	0.85 ± 0.04	0.70 ± 0.04	0.72 ± 0.02	0.59 ± 0.02	1.09 ± 0.05	0.89 ± 0.05	0.84 ± 0.02	0.68 ± 0.02	1.30 ± 0.02	1.06 ± 0.01	0.6 ± 0.02	0.49 ± 0.01	1.01 ± 0.20	0.82 ± 0.20
Mean	1.06 ± 0.04	0.85 ± 0.03	1.14 ± 0.04	0.93 ± 0.04	0.82 ± 0.02	0.67 ± 0.02	0.95 ± 0.02	0.77 ± 0.03	0.94 ± 0.02	0.76 ± 0.02	0.99 ± 0.02	0.80 ± 0.01	1.00 ± 0.02	0.81 ± 0.02	1.05 ± 0.02	0.86 ± 0.19