Table 2.
Comparison of Variables According to the Categories of the METS-IR
| Variables | Q1 (22.71~35.41) | Q2 (35.41~39.99) | Q3 (39.99~45.41) | Q4 (45.41~68.72) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 223 (81.4%) | 196 (71.5%) | 187 (68%) | 166 (60.6%) | < 0.001 |
| Age | 60.43 ± 11.33 | 60.32 ± 10.70 | 59.62 ± 11.08 | 57.40 ± 13.16 | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes duration | 9.50 (4.00 ~ 15.00) | 10.00 (4.00 ~ 15.00) | 10.00 (4.00 ~ 13.00) | 8.00 (4.00 ~ 13.00) | < 0.001 |
| Smoking | 7 (2.6%) | 14 (5.1%) | 15 (5.5%) | 25 (9.1%) | < 0.001 |
| BMI | 21.32 ± 2.12 | 24.45 ± 1.77 | 25.98 ± 1.64 | 27.97 ± 2.91 | < 0.001 |
| SBP | 127.31 ± 20.17 | 129.31 ± 18.07 | 132.47 ± 18.48 | 133.22 ± 18.41 | 0.764 |
| DBP | 77.20 ± 11.13 | 79.05 ± 10.36 | 79.96 ± 9.73 | 81.90 ± 11.31 | 0.002 |
| TC | 4.81 ± 1.17 | 4.82 ± 1.11 | 4.71 ± 1.11 | 4.67 ± 1.30 | 0.312 |
| LDL-c | 2.97 ± 1.00 | 3.09 ± 0.97 | 3.02 ± 0.94 | 2.82 ± 1.02 | 0.672 |
| TG | 0.90 (0.70 ~ 1.26) | 1.26 (0.99 ~1 0.72) | 1.54 (1.18 ~ 2.09) | 2.10 (1.42 ~ 3.08) | < 0.001 |
| HDL-c | 1.46 ± 0.30 | 1.25 ± 0.25 | 1.12 ± 0.21 | 0.97 ± 0.21 | < 0.001 |
| ALT | 15.85 (11.88 ~ 23.43) | 16.50 (12.75 ~ 22.53) | 16.60 (13.10 ~24.10) | 18.10 (14.00 ~ 28.00) | < 0.001 |
| AST | 17.50 (14.40 ~ 22.50) | 17.40 (13.68 ~ 21.00) | 16.70 (13.90 ~ 20.30) | 17.10 (14.55 ~ 21.80) | < 0.001 |
| GGT | 16.00 (12.00 ~ 21.00) | 18.00 (14.00 ~ 25.00) | 21.00 (16.00 ~ 29.00) | 25.00 (17.00 ~ 36.00) | < 0.001 |
| UA | 245.97 ± 84.60 | 269.33 ± 83.37 | 273.28 ± 81.86 | 309.26 ± 82.63 | < 0.001 |
| Scr | 59.60 ± 16.60 | 62.84 ± 19.28 | 61.71 ± 1 7.55 | 65.99 ± 20.78 | < 0.001 |
| FPG | 7.68 ± 3.15 | 7.91 ± 2.81 | 8.99 ± 3 0.00 | 10.12 ± 3.35 | < 0.001 |
| FINS | 15.10 (5.63 ~ 22.87) | 15.09 (7.19 ~2 2.06) | 17.61 (12.11 ~ 24.12) | 18.58 (12.88 ~ 23.95) | < 0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 4.14 (1.79 ~ 7.86) | 4.95 (2.61 ~ 8.00) | 6.82 (4.43 ~ 9.82) | 7.94 (4.86 ~ 11.70) | < 0.001 |
| TyG | 8.59 ± 0.59 | 8.96 ± 0.56 | 9.27 ± 0.52 | 9.73 ± 0.72 | < 0.001 |
| VFA | 51.00 (36.00 ~ 70.00) | 80.50 (62.00 ~ 101.00) | 95.00 (78.00 ~ 112.00) | 121.00 (97.00 ~ 148.00) | < 0.001 |
| SFA | 120.00 (85.00 ~ 151.25) | 164.50 (138.75 ~ 200.25) | 193.00 (164.00 ~ 221.00) | 234.00 (196.00 ~ 283.25) | < 0.001 |
| TG/HDL-c ratio | 1.74 ± 1.11 | 2.77 ±1.58 | 3.62 ± 1.85 | 6.89 ± 6.40 | < 0.001 |
| NAFLD | 30 (10.9%) | 80 (29.2%) | 112 (40.7%) | 188 (68.6%) | < 0.001 |
Notes: Data with a skewed distribution were shown as median (interquartile range). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal–Wallis H were used to compare the differences in continuous variables among the four METS-IR groups with normal distribution and abnormal distributions, respectively. Chi square test was used to compare categorical variables. Spearman correlation analyses was used to assess the NAFLD-related correlations. Statistical differences were defined by P (two-tailed) less than 0.05.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, γ- Glutamyl transpeptidase; UA, uric acid; Scr, serum creatinine; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; FINS, fasting insulin; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; TyG, triglyceride glucose index; VFA, visceral fat area; SFA, subcutaneous fat area.