Table 3.
Subgroup analysis 2: results of cumulative economic impact of COVID-19 vaccination for all individuals ≥ 65 years old in Prefecture X at 0% and 100% vaccination rates at the individual level across 3 years
| Outcomes | 0% vaccination | 100% vaccination | Difference (100% vs. 0%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| (A) | (B) | (B–A) (%) | |
| Vaccine-related cost (JPY) | 0 | 42,893 | 42,893 (NA) |
| Non-vaccine-related medical cost (JPY) | 74,905 | 54,920 | − 19,985 (− 26.7%) |
| Testing cost (JPY) | 2442 | 1844 | − 599 (− 24.5%) |
| Inpatient treatment cost (JPY) | 52,820 | 38,036 | − 14,783 (− 28.0%) |
| Outpatient treatment cost (JPY) | 10,876 | 8392 | − 2484 (− 22.8%) |
| Long COVID treatment cost (JPY) | 8766 | 6648 | − 2118 (− 24.2%) |
| Productivity loss (JPY) | 239,507 | 178,782 | − 60,726 (− 25.4%) |
| Total cost (JPY) | 314,412 | 276,594 | − 37,817 (− 12.0%) |
The target population for vaccination is individuals ≥ 65 years old in Prefecture X. The time horizon is over 3 years
COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019; JPY Japanese Yen