Table 3. The role of different HSP classes in HIV infection pathogenesis.

HSP Class	HSP family/isoform	HSP interaction effects	HIV infection cycle stage	Citation
HSP40	DNAJB6/MRJ	Support HIV-1 replication	Replication	Ko et al. (2019)
HSP40	DNAJA, DNAJB, DNAJC	Inhibit HIV-1 infection: DNAJB3, DNAJB6, DNAJB8, DNAJC5 support HIV-1 infection: DNAJA3, DNAJB1, DNAJB7, DNAJC4, DNAJC5B, DNAJC5G, DNAJC6, DNAJC22, DNAJC30	Viral entry	Chand et al. (2023)
HSP40 and HSP70	DNAJB, DNAJC, HSPA	Upregulated in early stage of HIV-1 infection: DNAJB3, DNAJB7, DNAJB8, DNAJB13, DNAJC5, DNAJC5B, DNAJC5G, DNAJC6, DNAJC30; downregulated in early stage of HIV-1 infection: DNAJB6a, HSPA1A, HSPA1B, HSPA6; upregulated in late stage of HIV-1 infection: HSPA1L, HSPA2, HSPA5, HSPA9, HSPA12, HSPA13; downregulated in late stage of HIV-1 infection: HSPA1A, HSPA1B, HSPA6, HSPA14.	Viral entry	Chand, Iyer & Mitra (2021)
HSP40 and HSP70	HSP40A1, HSP40B1, HSP40B6, HSP40C5, HSP70	Inhibit HIV-1 replication: HSP40A1, HSP40B1, HSP40B6, HSP40C5; bind to HSP70: HSP40A1 and HSP40B6.	Replication	Urano, Morikawa & Komano (2013)
HSP70	–	Decreased by HIV-1 infection	Viral entry	Xia et al. (2015)
HSP70	Mitochondrial HSP70 (mtHSP70)/Mortalin	Decreased by HIV-1 infection, lower cytotoxic effect	Replication	Priyanka Wadhwa et al. (2020)
HSP90	HSP90β/HSP90AB1	Increased by HIV-1 infection	Uncoating	Joshi et al. (2013)
HSP90	HSP90α and HSP90β	Increased by HIV-1 infection	Viral transmission	Mercier et al. (2013)
HSP90	–	Suppress HIV-1 reactivation from latency	Latency	Joshi, Maidji & Stoddart (2016)
HSP90	–	Suppress HIV-1 reactivation from latency	Latency	Anderson et al. (2014)
HSP90	–	Suppress HIV-1 reactivation from latency	Latency	Painter, Zaikos & Collins (2017)
HSP90	–	Suppress HIV-1 reactivation from latency	Latency	Mbonye et al. (2018)
HSPBP1	–	Inhibit HIV-1 replication	Replication	Chaudhary et al. (2016)
HSPBP1	–	Decreased by HIV-1 infection	Replication	Iyer, Mitra & Mitra (2022)