Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies
| Authors | Year | Study Design | Age 1 | Sex 2 | No. 3 | TP | FP | FN | TN |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Truong et al. (24) | 2023 | Retrospective | 2.74 | 1.63 | 25 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 13 |
| Shen et al. (23) | 2020 | Retrospective | 3 | 2 | 382 | 359 | 0 | 23 | 0 |
| Gordon et al. (31) | 2020 | Retrospective | NR | NR | 62 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 52 |
| Ullal et al. (25) | 2019 | Retrospective and Prospective | 2.1 | 4 | 150 | 139 | 4 | 3 | 4 |
| Arora et al. (32) | 2019 | Retrospective | 4.3 | 2.8 | 19 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 8 |
| Gibbons et al. (33) | 2019 | Retrospective | 1.8 | 1.3 | 69 | 17 | 1 | 0 | 51 |
| Ahmed et al. (34) | 2018 | Retrospective | 3.06 | 1.9 | 15 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| Pitiot et al. (21) | 2017 | Retrospective | NR | NR | 96 | 59 | 9 | 1 | 27 |
| Friedman et al. (35) | 2016 | Retrospective | 6 | 0.8 | 20 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 16 |
| Liang et al. (20) | 2015 | Retrospective | 2 | 1.7 | 1500 | 1480 | 0 | 20 | 0 |
| Yang et al. (26) | 2015 | Retrospective | 2 | 2.2 | 1501 | 589 | 1 | 1 | 910 |
| Behera et al. (5) | 2014 | Retrospective | 2 | 2.3 | 60 | 59 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Abd-Elgawad et al. (36) | 2014 | Prospective | 3 | 1.6 | 21 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| Tong et al. (8) | 2013 | Prospective | 2.4 | 1.3 | 37 | 33 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| Hassan et al. (37) | 2013 | Prospective | 2.5 | 0.75 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| Manach et al. (38) | 2013 | Prospective | 2.5 | 1.8 | 303 | 66 | 10 | 4 | 223 |
| Jung et al. (17) | 2011 | Retrospective | 1.5 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Bai et al. (39) | 2011 | Retrospective | 3.2 | 1.6 | 45 | 42 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Sattar et al. (22) | 2011 | Retrospective | 4 | 1.3 | 45 | 42 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Bhat et al. (40) | 2010 | Prospective | 3.3 | 0.5 | 20 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Huang et al. (16) | 2008 | Retrospective | 2.1 | 4.5 | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Hong et al. (15) | 2008 | Prospective | 1.1 | 1.4 | 51 | 42 | 3 | 0 | 6 |
| Adaletli et al. (41) | 2007 | Prospective | 2.6 | 1.2 | 37 | 13 | 3 | 0 | 21 |
| Kocaoglu et al. (18) | 2006 | Prospective | 3.5 | 2 | 21 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 11 |
| Koşucu et al. (19) | 2004 | Prospective | 3.3 | 1.3 | 23 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
| Haliloglu et al. (14) | 2003 | Prospective | 2.4 | 0.9 | 23 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 16 |
True positive (TP), false positive (FP), true negative (TN), and false negative (FN). 1: mean age in year; 2: male/female ratio; 3: number of participants.