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. 2024 Aug 23;227(16):jeb247615. doi: 10.1242/jeb.247615

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© 2024. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.

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Fig. 3. — Five key kinematic variables do not significantly vary across species or strike type during gel-biting strikes. Boxplots overlaid with raw data show (A) peak gape, (B) peak protrusion, (C) lower jaw angle, (D) ram speed and (E) time to peak gape (TTPG) measured during gel-biting strikes from automated landmarking of 227 videos. Lower jaw angle is the minimum angle between the lower jaw and suspensorium from 20% to peak gape. Ram speed was calculated from the distance traveled between 20% and peak gape. Species or hybrid cross is indicated by symbol color and strike type is indicated by symbol shape.