Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients
| Characteristics | Ischemic (n=144) | Hemorrhagic (n=60) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean±SD | 54.74±14.67 | 57.4±12.72 | 0.225 |
| Males, n (%) | 104 (72.2) | 44 (73.3) | 0.871 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2), mean±SD | 98.24±16.70 | 93.32±16.48 | 0.799 |
| BP (mmHg), median (IQR) | |||
| SBP | 144 (140.4-159.0) | 180 (165.4-181.9) | 0.001 |
| DBP | 84 (81.9-92.8) | 100 (96.8-105.1) | 0.001 |
| Risk factors prevalence, n (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 76 (52.8) | 41 (68.3) | 0.04 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 43 (29.9) | 11 (18.3) | 0.089 |
| Smoking | 41 (28.5) | 14 (23.3) | 0.451 |
| Alcohol intake | 23 (16) | 9 (15.3) | 0.899 |
| Dyslipidemia | 11 (7.6) | 3 (5) | 0.762 |
| Heart disease | 41 (28.5) | 2 (3.3) | 0.001 |
| Previous stroke | 11 (7.6) | 3 (5) | 0.367 |
| Family history | 2 (1.4) | 3 (5) | 0.153 |
| Use of antiplatelets | 17 (11.8) | 5 (8.3) | 0.466 |
| Contrast used | 136 (94.4) | 5 (8.3) | 0.001 |
| Ventilatory requirement | 22 (15.3) | 41 (68.3) | 0.001 |
| Tracheostomy | 10 (6.9) | 24 (40) | 0.001 |
| GCS at presentation, median (IQR) | 15 (10.2-15.0) | 9.5 (8.6-12.0) | 0.001 |
| GCS <8, n (%) | 9 (27.3) | 24 (72.7) | 0.001 |
| GCS 9-15, n (%) | 135 (78.9) | 36 (29.4) | |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | |||
| G2, n (%) | 45 (65.2) | 24 (34.8) | 0.229 |
| G1, n (%) | 99 (73.3) | 36 (26.7) | |
| NIHSS, median (IQR) | 9 (7.2-10.5) | 18 (13.2-19.1) | 0.001 |
| AKI, n=89, n (%) | 49 (34.02) | 40 (66.7) | 0.001 |
| Time frames, median (IQR) | |||
| Onset to hospitalization (hours) | 6 (5.6-9.0) | 11.5 (10.5-15.4) | 0.001 |
| Hospital stay (days) | 6 (4.4-10.6) | 12 (11.3-17.3) | 0.001 |
| Duration to death (days) | 6 (3.5-9.6) | 12.5 (10.9-16.8) | 0.045 |
| Duration to AKI (days) | 1.5 (1.1-3.2) | 2 (1.3-3.5) | 0.918 |
| Discharge disposition, n (%) | |||
| Favorable (n=56) | 53 (36.8) | 3 (5) | 0.001 |
| Unfavorable (n=148) | 91 (63.2) | 57 (95) | |
| Baseline investigations, mean±SD | |||
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 13.24±2.36 | 12.59±2.25 | 0.363 |
| TLC (/microliter) | 9522.43±3191.65 | 12484.67±4641.46 | 0.001 |
| Platelet count (lakhs/mm3) | 2.05±0.79 | 1.71±0.68 | 0.957 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.79±0.17 | 0.82±0.19 | 0.186 |
| Urea (mg/dl) | 30.18±13.63 | 45.03±22.67 | 0.001 |
| HbA1c | 6.68±2.13 | 5.85±1.19 | 0.055 |
| Sodium (mEq/l) | 137.62±3.94 | 140.45±6.08 | 0.098 |
| Potassium (mEq/l) | 4.18±0.55 | 4.00±0.67 | 0.328 |
| Serum calcium (mg/dl) | 8.82±0.74 | 8.57±0.73 | 0.029 |
| Serum protein (g/dl) | 6.85±0.83 | 6.82±1.03 | 0.085 |
| SGOT (U/l) | 38.47±28.67 | 72.53±185.90 | 0.053 |
| SGPT (U/l) | 33.75±33.14 | 49.43±157.09 | 0.584 |
| Total bilirubin | 0.87±0.42 | 0.89±0.53 | 0.908 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 167.26±44.39 | 167.15±48.67 | 0.987 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 111.21±35.69 | 106.25±41.27 | 0.38 |
AKI=Acute kidney injury, BP=Blood pressure, DBP=Diastolic blood pressure, eGFR=Estimated glomerular filtration rate, GCS=Glasgow Coma Scale, GFR=Glomerular filtration rate, G1=GFR 90 ml/min/1.73 m2 and above, G2=GFR 60-89 ml/min per 1.73 m2, HbA1c=Glycated hemoglobin, LDL=Low-density lipoprotein, NIHSS=National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, SBP=systolic blood pressure, SD=Standard deviation, SGOT=Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, SGPT=Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, TLC=Total leukocyte count