Table 1.

Assessment of the quality of included studies utilizing the updated Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool.^[15]

Criterion	Tincu et al[17]	Damas et al[18]	Mahmodiyeh et al[19]	Zampieri et al[20]	Mahmoodpoor et al[22]	Afessa[23]	Kollef et al[21]
D1	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
D2	?	+	−	?	−	+	+
D3	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
D4	+	+	?	+	?	?	?
D5	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
D	Some concern	Low	High	Some concerns	High	Some concerns	Some concerns

A response of “Low” was indicated by a “+,” and a response of “High” was indicated by a “−,” while a response of “some concerns” was indicated by “?.” D1 for bias arising from the randomization process, D2 for bias due to deviations from intended interventions, D3 for bias due to missing outcome data, D4 for bias in the measurement of the outcome, D5 for bias in the selection of the reported result, and D for overall risk of bias.