Table 1.

Recommendations from international guidelines on HCC surveillance after DAA therapy

Pre-DAA assessment	AASLD	EASL	APASL
F0–F2	N/A	N/A	US+tumor markersa every 6 months for 2 years, followed by annually indefinitely
F3	No	US±AFP every 6 months indefinitely	US+tumor markersa every 6 months indefinitely
F4	US±AFP every 6 months indefinitely	US±AFP every 6 months indefinitely	US+tumor markersa every 6 months indefinitely

AASLD = American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, EASL = European Association for the Study of Liver, APASL = Asian Pacific Association for the Study of Liver, SVR = sustained virologic response, DAA = direct acting antiviral agents,  TE = transient elastography, FIB-4 = Fibrosis-4 index, US = ultrasound, N/A = not available, AFP = alpha-fetoprotein, AFP-L3 = lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive AFP isoform, DCP = des gamma carboxy-prothrombin.

^aTumor markers: AFP, AFL-L3, DCP.