Table 1.
Basic characteristics of patients
| Author | Year | Country | Sex (Female/Male) | Basic treatment | Follow-up (month) | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anastasilakis | 2008 | Greece | F | Calcium (500 mg/day), vitamin D (400 IU/day) | 12 | 5 |
| Body | 2002 | USA | F | Calcium (1000 mg/day), vitamin D (400–1200 IU/day) | 12 | 12,345 |
| Chiba | 2022 | Japan | F | Alfacalcidol (1 µg/day), vitamin D) | 18 | 1235 |
| Cosman | 2011 | USA | F | Calcium (1000–1200 mg/day), vitamin D (400–800 IU/day) | 12 | 45 |
| Finkelstein | 2003 | USA | M | Calcium (1000–1200 mg/day), vitamin D (400 IU/day) | 30 | 123 |
| Finkelstein | 2010 | USA | F | Calcium (1000–1200 mg/day), vitamin D (400 IU/day) | 30 | 1235 |
| Hadji | 2012 | Germany | F | Calcium (1000 mg/day), vitamin D (800 IU/day) | 18 | 12,345 |
| Keaveny | 2007 | USA | F | Calcium (1000 mg/day), vitamin D (400–800 IU/day) | 18 | 13 |
| Keaveny | 2012 | USA | F | Calcium (1000 mg/day), vitamin D (400–800 IU/day) | 18 | 12 |
| Kendler | 2018 | Canada | F | Calcium (500–1000 mg/day), vitamin D (400–800 IU/day) | 24 | 45 |
| Li | 2022 | China | F | Calcium (500 mg/day), vitamin D (200 IU/day) | 12 | 345 |
| Malouf-Sierra | 2017 | UK | F/M | Calcium (500–1000 mg/day), vitamin D (800 IU/day) | 18 | 12,345 |
| McClung | 2005 | Brazil | F | Calcium (1000 mg/day), vitamin D (400–800 IU/day) | 18 | 45 |
| Panico | 2011 | Italy | F | Calcium (1 g/day), vitamin D (800 IU/day) | 18 | 1345 |
| Walker | 2013 | Columbia | M | Calcium (500 mg/day), vitamin D (400 IU/day) | 18 | 1345 |
| Ji | 2021 | China | F | Calcium carbonate, calcitriol | 12 | 2345 |
| Beck | 2008 | USA | F | Calcium (1000 mg/day), vitamin D (400 IU/day) | 24 | 1 |
| Brown | 2009 | Spain | F | Calcium (500 mg/day), vitamin D (400 or 800 IU/day) | 12 | 12,345 |
| Iseri | 2019 | Japan | F/M | Calcitriol (0.25 µg/day), calcium lactate (1.5 g/day) | 12 | 1345 |
| Lewiecki | 2007 | USA | F | Calcium (1 g/day), vitamin D (400 IU/day) | 24 | 45 |
| McClung | 2006 | USA | F | Calcium (1 g/day), vitamin D (400 IU/day) | 12 | 2345 |
| Nakamura | 2014 | Japan | F/M | Calcium (600 mg/day), vitamin D (400 IU/day) | 24 | 12,345 |
| Nakura | 2023 | Japan | F/M | Calcium (600 mg/day), vitamin D (400 IU/day) | 24 | 15 |
1, risk of fracture; 2, change in femoral neck BMD; 3, change in total hip BMD; 4, change in lumbar spine BMD; 5, adverse events
SC subcutaneous injection