Table 4. Comparison of Rates of Positive Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised (M-CHAT-R) Screenings Between SARS-CoV-2 Exposed and Unexposed Children Across the Electronic Health Record (COMBO-EHR) and Research (COMBO-RSCH) Cohorts.
| Variable | B (SE) | aOR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| SARS-CoV-2 unexposed (n = 997) and exposed (n = 130) groups in COMBO-EHR | |||
| SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancya | −0.91 (0.28) | 0.40 (0.22 to 0.68) | .001 |
| Age at M-CHAT administration, mo | −0.04 (0.02) | 0.96 (0.92 to 1.01) | .09 |
| Gestational age, wk | −0.13 (0.04) | 0.88 (0.82 to 0.94) | <.001 |
| Maternal age at delivery | −0.01 (0.01) | 0.99 (0.96 to 1.01) | .34 |
| Infant sex assigned at birth (male) | 0.54 (0.15) | 1.71 (1.28 to 2.30) | <.001 |
| Insurance (Medicaid) | 0.56 (0.25) | 1.75 (1.09 to 2.87) | .02 |
| Maternal race | |||
| American Indian or Alaska Nativeb | 0.37 (1.27) | 1.45 (0.06 to 14.64) | .77 |
| Asian | −0.13 (0.59) | 0.88 (0.24 to 2.58) | .83 |
| Black or African American | 0.26 (0.24) | 1.29 (0.80 to 2.08) | .29 |
| White | −0.05 (0.22) | 0.95 (0.61 to 1.45) | .80 |
| Declined | 0.46 (0.26) | 1.58 (0.95 to 2.60) | .07 |
| Maternal ethnicity | |||
| Not Hispanic or Latino or Spanish originc | −0.39 (0.24) | 0.68 (0.42 to 1.08) | .11 |
| Declined | −0.55 (0.36) | 0.58 (0.28 to 1.14) | .12 |
| SARS-CoV-2 unexposed (n = 201) and exposed (n = 101) groups in COMBO-RSCH | |||
| SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancyd | −0.67 (0.37) | 0.51 (0.24 to 1.04) | .07 |
| Age at M-CHAT administration, mo | −0.37 (0.25) | 0.69 (0.39 to 1.05) | .15 |
| Gestational age, wk | −0.20 (0.12) | 0.82 (0.64 to 1.03) | .09 |
| Maternal age at delivery, y | −0.07 (0.03) | 0.93 (0.87 to 0.99) | .03 |
| Infant sex assigned at birth (male) | 0.65 (0.35) | 0.91 (0.98 to 3.88) | .06 |
| Insurance (Medicaid) | 0.56 (0.42) | 1.74 (0.78 to 4.05) | .18 |
| Maternal race | |||
| American Indian or Alaska Nativeb | 1.06 (1.44) | 2.88 (0.10 to 44.93) | .46 |
| Asian | 1.24 (0.84) | 3.47 (0.59 to 17.29) | .14 |
| Black or African American | 0.31 (0.66) | 1.37 (0.35 to 4.79) | .64 |
| Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander | 15.38 (1455.40) | NAe | .99 |
| White | 0.45 (0.45) | 1.57 (0.65 to 3.85) | .31 |
| Declined | −1.10 (0.71) | 0.33 (0.08 to 1.23) | .12 |
| Maternal ethnicity | |||
| Not Hispanic or Latino or Spanish originc | −0.76 (0.47) | 0.47 (0.18 to 1.17) | .11 |
| Declined | 0.51 (0.66) | 1.67 (0.45 to 6.24) | .44 |
| Unknown | −13.67 (1455.40) | NAe | .99 |
Abbreviations: NA, not applicable; aOR, adjusted odds ratio.
a
Prevalence of elevated M-CHAT-R score in COMBO-EHR SARS-CoV-2 unexposed (reference) group is 24.0%.
b
Reference group for maternal race categories is other combinations not described.
c
Reference group for maternal ethnicity is Hispanic or Latino.
d
Prevalence of elevated M-CHAT-R score in COMBO-RSCH SARS-CoV-2 unexposed (reference) group is 19.9%.
e
The true value cannot be determined owing to the small sample size.