Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 Nov 2;16(10):1060–1065. doi: 10.1136/jnis-2023-020789

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Example of a patient evaluated as having multiple synchronous CSF-venous fistulas (CVFs; n=3) at the initial examination on the left side (Th 7/8, 8/9, and 9/10). Lateral decubitus digital subtraction myelography (LD-DSM) (A) and lateral decubitus fluoroscopy (B) indicated a CVF at level Th 8/9 by rater 1 and at Th 7/8, 8/9, and 9/10 by rater 2 and the senior rater (open black arrows in A and B). At the level Th 7/8 was a dot-like structure only visible at DSM (open black arrow in A at level Th 7/8). Raters 1 and 2, both identified three CVFs at lateral decubitus CT myelography (LD-CTM) at adjacent spinal levels, shown on axial (C, E, G) and sagittal (D, F) and oblique sagittal (H) CTM by white arrows. As the contrasted veins shown here each have contact with the nerve root sleeve, it is more likely that three CVFs are present than that they originate from one point of fistula only.