Table 3.
Neonatal Mortality by Approach, 1999–2017
| C-CLOC Approach of 59 Lesions | BPA Codes Used to Define CHD | Broad Approach | Exclusive Approach | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
||||||
| Description | n | % neonatal mortality | n | % neonatal mortality | n | % neonatal mortality | |
|
| |||||||
| All left-sided lesions | 8,359 | 8.6 | 746300, 746500, 746505, 746700, 746820, 747100, 747110, 747190, 747200, 747210, 747215, 747217, 747220, 747285 | 10,843 | 10.0 | 5,498 | 7.9 |
| Aortic arch obstruction | 5,110 | 5.9 | 747100, 747110, 747190, 747200, 747210, 747215, 747217, 747285 | 6,956 | 8.2 | 2,625 | 4.5 |
| Simple | 2,652 | 4.3 | |||||
| Complex | 2,469 | 7.6 | |||||
| Congenital aortic stenosis | 731 | 3.7 | 746300 | 1,749 | 7.4 | 631 | 3.0 |
| Hypoplastic left heart syndrome | 1,206 | 23.5 | 746700 | 1,619 | 24.2 | 440 | 25.5 |
| Mitral stenosis Simple Complex |
938 509 429 |
8.4 4.7 12.8 |
746500 | 711 | 7.7 | 182 | 3.9 |
| 746500 or 746505 | 3,051 | 13.5 | 509 | 4.7 | |||
| Cor triatriatum | --‡ | --† | 746820 | 146 | 9.6 | --‡ | --† |
| Supravalvar aortic stenosis | --‡ | --† | 747220 | 179 | 3.4 | --‡ | --† |
|
| |||||||
| All right-sided lesions | 5,744 | 3.0 | 746000, 746010, 746100, 746200, 746830, 747300, 747310 | 8,236 | 5.3 | 4,546 | 3.0 |
| Ebstein anomaly | 431 | 13.0 | 746200 | 531 | 15.3 | 266 | 9.8 |
| Pulmonary valve stenosis | 3,730 | 0.3 | 746010 | 5,663 | 1.8 | 3,680 | 0.3 |
| Pulmonary atresia Pulmonary atresia with IVS |
1,079 364 |
12.7 16.2 |
746000, 747300, 747310 | 1,798 | 14.6 | 328 | 18.0 |
| Tricuspid atresia Tricuspid atresia, normal GA Tricuspid atresia, malposed GA |
413 311 101 |
7.5 8.0 5.9 |
746100 | 548 | 8.6 | 26 | 26.9 |
|
| |||||||
| All conotruncal defects | 3,780 | 6.8 | 745000, 745200, 747216, 747230, 747310 | 4,570 | 7.5 | 2,336 | 5.3 |
| Tetralogy of Fallot | 2,104 | 4.7 | 745200 | 2,825 | 5.6 | 1,593 | 5.0 |
| Pulmonary atresia with VSD | 574 | 9.8 | 747310 | 113 | 14.2 | --‡ | --† |
| Truncus arteriosus Truncus arteriosus with IAA Truncus arteriosus without IAA |
394 38 356 |
13.5 15.8 13.2 |
745000 | 468 | 18.0 | 146 | 15.1 |
| IAA, Type B | 218 | 12.4 | 747216 | 184 | 12.0 | --‡ | --† |
| Right aortic arch | 175 | 2.9 | 747230 | 1,685 | 6.6 | 174 | 2.9 |
| Vascular ring | --‡ | --† | 747250 | 410 | 2.4 | --‡ | --† |
|
| |||||||
| Endocardial cushion defects | 2,959 | 9.0 | 745600, 745610, 745630, 745680, 745690 | 3,158 | 9.7 | 1,307 | 5.3 |
| ASD only | 157 | 8.3 | 745600, 745610 | 491 | 14.7 | 92 | 9.8 |
| Atrioventricular canal defect Simple Complex |
1,315 1,454 |
4.9 12.9 |
745630, 745680, 74569 | 2,687 | 9.0 | 1,171 | 5.0 |
|
| |||||||
| Arterial malposition/looping defects | 2,063 | 8.0 | 745100, 745110, 745120, 745180, 745190, 745300 | 2,785 | 9.5 | 912 | 6.5 |
| Congenitally corrected TGA | 159 | 6.9 | 745120 | 355 | 8.5 | --‡ | --† |
| Dextro-TGA Dextro-TGA with VSD Dextro-TGA without VSD |
1,279 512 646 |
5.2 4.6 5.3 |
All: 745100,745110, 745180, 745190 With VSD: 745110 Without VSD: 745100 |
2,158 1,097 955 |
7.8 6.9 8.0 |
837 257 554 |
5.7 5.8 5.4 |
| Double inlet left ventricle Double inlet left ventricle, L-loop Double inlet left ventricle, other |
616 --‡ 517 |
14.5 --† 16.5 |
745300 | 635 | 15.4 | 17 | 47.1 |
|
| |||||||
|
Double outlet right ventricle DORV, transposition of GA DORV, normal GA DORV, mitral atresia DORV, complex |
1,140 137 439 232 332 |
15.6 5.8 14.8 22.0 16.9 |
All: 745130, 745140, 745150 DORV + Transposition of GA: 745140 DORV + Normal GA: 745130 N/A N/A |
1,619 678 521 N/A N/A |
15.3 11.5 14.8 N/A N/A |
42 --‡ --‡ N/A N/A |
19.1 --† --† N/A N/A |
|
| |||||||
| Other CHDs | -- | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Pulmonary atresia, complex | 141 | 15.6 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Aortopulmonary window | 45 | 11.1 | 745010 | 82 | 8.5 | 29 | 6.9 |
| PAPVR | 166 | 5.4 | 747430 | 381 | 9.5 | 120 | 4.2 |
| TAPVR | 630 | 7.0 | 747420 | 1,174 | 13.1 | 568 | 6.7 |
| VSD VSD, muscular VSD, membranous VSD, inlet VSD, NOS |
37,235 7,646 1,936 --† 27,648 |
1.7 0.7 2.2 --† 1.9 |
All: 745480, 745485, 745486, 745487, 745490 Muscular: 745486 Membranous: 745485 Inlet: 745487 NOS: 745480, 745490 |
43,344 8,832 2,798 --‡ 32,122 |
2.7 1.4 3.7 --† 3.1 |
37,106 7,606 1,931 --‡ 27,302 |
1.7 0.7 2.2 --† 1.9 |
ASD: Atrial septal defect; AVSD: Atrioventricular septal defect; BPA: British Pediatric Association; CHD: Congenital heart defects; DORV: Double outlet right ventricle; GA: Great arteries; IAA: Interrupted aortic arch; IVS: Intact ventricular septum; NOS: Not otherwise specified; PAPVR: Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return; TAPVR: Total anomalous pulmonary venous return; TGA: Transposition of the great arteries; VSD: Ventricular septal defect.
†
Cells with n<5 were repressed.
‡
Excludes repressed cells with n<5.