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. 2005 Apr 13;2(2):201–207. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neh078

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Typical photographs illustrating the effect of propolis on serum deprivation-induced cell damage in PC12 cell cultures [Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide (PI) single or dual staining]. Differentiated PC12 cells were immersed in serum-free DMEM supplemented with 0.1% BSA, and then propolis was added to the cell cultures. Cells were maintained in this condition for 2 days. Viable cells are Hoechst 33342-positive and PI-negative, whereas dead cells are Hoechst 33342-positive and PI-positive. At 4 μg/ml, propolis (extract with ethanol) decreased the number of cells stained by PI (versus vehicle treatment). (A, D and H) Control (vehicle treatment). (B, E and I) Vehicle treatment + serum deprivation. (C, F and J) Propolis treatment + serum deprivation. (A–C) Hoechst 33342 staining. (D–F) PI staining. (G–I) Merged images (Hoechst 33342 + PI dual staining).