Fig. 3.

Shows the effects of antioxidants on body fluids and summarizes the multifaceted health benefits of Saussurea costus which enhances kidney and liver health and provides anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and antimicrobial activities. Dehydrocostus lactone helps maintain healthy sleep patterns, offers antioxidant protection within body fluids, and exhibits anti-cancer properties. Cynaropicrin supports vision and dental health and contributes to obesity prevention. The therapeutic potential of each compound was visualized around a central human figure, highlighting its significant role in promoting overall human health across various systems and conditions.