Table 2.

Biavariate and multivariate regression analysis of risk factors associated with maternal sepsis in five tertiary hospitals in Ethiopia, 2024

Variable	categories	All women who had enrolled in the study		All women who had culture-positive for K.pneumoniae
		N = 5613	%	N = 609	%
Hospital clusters Central-Ethiopia	Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospita	2317	41.3	241	39.6
	ALERT Hospital	609	10.8	69	11.3
Western-Ethiopia	Jimma University Medical Center	1013	18.1	130	21.3
Southern-Ethiopia	Hawassa University Specialized Hospital	903	16.1	98	16.1
Eastern-Ethiopia	Hiwot Fana Specialized Hospital	771	13.7	71	11.7
Age (yrs) Mean +/- SD	< 20	590	10.5	81	13.3
	21–30	1,927	34.3	143	23.5
	31–40	2,237	39.9	259	42.5
	41–49	859	15.3	126	20.7
Onset of infection	Present on admissions	3186	56.8	171	28.1
	Hospital onset	2427	43.2	438	71.9
Length of admission	≤ 1 WK	868	15.5	29	4.7
	1–2 WKs	1106	19.7	50	8.2
	2–3 Wks	1983	35.3	79	13.0
	3–4 WKs	954	17.0	188	30.9
	≥ 4 WKs	702	12.5	263	43.2
Educational level	Cannot read and write	807	14.4	250	41.0
	Elementary	1549	27.6	219	36.0
	High school/preparatory	2284	40.7	79	13.0
	College and above	973	17.3	61	10.0
Residence	Urban	1443	25.7	128	21.0
	Rural	4170	74.3	481	79.0
Ward	ICU	2459	43.8	298	49.0
	Gyn/Ob ward	1358	24.2	136	22.3
	Surgical	921	16.4	77	12.7
	Medical ward	617.	11.0	67	11.0
	EOPD	258	4.6	31	5.0
Antibiotics treatment history	No	679	12.1	79	13.0
	yes	4934	87.9	530	87.0
History of alcohol intake	Never	1740	31.0	109	17.9
	Yes, some time(local tela)	2975	53.0	239	39.2
	Yes, common alcohol beer, tela	898	16.0	261	42.9
Have ever heard about maternal sepsis	Mass media(TV/Radio/others)	-	0.0	-	-
	Health profession/spouses	130	2.3	24	3.9
	Never heard about sepsis	5483	97.7	585	96.1
Clinical specimens	Urine	2073	36.9	259	42.5
	Blood	2284	40.7	216	35.5
	CSF	881	15.7	39	6.4
	Wound/surgical	304	5.4	74	12.2
	Others	71	1.3	21	3.4