TABLE 1.

Characteristics of examined groups.

Examined factor	BD (n = 62)	HC (n = 40)	BD vs. HC
Gender, N (%) females	23 (37)	15 (38)	0.970
Age, Me (min–max)	37 (18–65)	40 (20–64)	0.450
BMI (kg/m2), X̄ (SD)	27.9 (5.1)	25.8 (4.2)	0.0640
Chronic disease, N (%)	21 (34)	6 (18)	0.220
Current smokers, N (%)	28 (45)	7 (15)	0.007*
Age of onset, Me (min–max)	24 (13–60)	N/A
Duration of the disease (in months), Me (min–max)	84 (2–444)
Number of hospitalizations, Me (min–max)	3 (0–19)

BMI, body mass index; Me, median; X̄, mean; SD, standard deviation; min, minimum; max, maximum; BD, bipolar disorder; HC, healthy controls;

*significant difference between BD and HC groups; N/A, not applicable.