TABLE 6.

Relationship between trace elements and pro-/antioxidant state biomarkers in the blood of examined groups.

Examined relationship	Group	R Spearman	p-value
Se & AGE	BD	−0.32	0.039*
	HC	0.37	0.040*
Se & DT	BD	−0.50	< 0.001*
	HC	0.17	0.356
Se & KN	BD	−0.38	0.015*
	HC	0.22	0.251
Se & NFK	BD	−0.13	0.424
	HC	0.38	0.038*
Se & TAC	BD	−0.33	0.031*
	HC	−0.65	0.732
Se & TRY	BD	−0.39	0.012*
	HC	−0.01	0.950
Se & CAT	BD	0.14	0.365
	HC	0.38	0.040*
Zn & 3-NT	BD	0.27	0.079
	HC	0.43	0.019*
Zn & TAC	BD	−0.15	0.352
	HC	−0.43	0.017*
Zn & CAT	BD	0.14	0.389
	HC	0.50	0.006*
As & NFK	BD	0.44	0.004*
	HC	0.29	0.122

BD, bipolar disorder; HC, healthy controls; Se, selenium; Zn, zinc; As, arsenic; AGE, advanced glycation end products; DT, dityrosine; KN, kynurenine; NFK, N-formyl kynurenine; TAC, total antioxidant capacity; TRY, tryptophan; CAT, catalase;

*significant relationship.