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. 2005 May 23;102(22):7781–7782. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0503261102

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

The hepatocyte-to-beta cell transdifferentiation paradigm. Hepatocytes are obtained by liver biopsy from a donor or patient with diabetes, cultured and expanded ex vivo, transduced with a pdx-1 virus, transdifferentiated into functioning, insulin-producing beta cells, and then transplanted into a patient with diabetes.