Table 3.
Direct and indirect effects of connectivity on different sectors based on SDM.
| Ln(CCOE) | ln(Man) | |
|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | |
| Direct effect | ||
| ln(WDC) | − 0.073** (0.033) | 0.000 (0.012) |
| ln(Pop) | 2.892** (1.340) | 0.677** (0.336) |
| ln(PGDP) | 3.333*** (1.242) | 1.241*** (0.252) |
| ln(ST) | 0.450*** (0.129) | 0.099*** (0.028) |
| ln(HPV) | 0.161 (0.099) | 0.076** (0.038) |
| Airport | 0.137 (0.183) | 0.009 (0.049) |
| ln(Ter) | − 1.451 (1.070) | − 0.207 (0.250) |
| Indirect effect | ||
| ln(WDC) | 0.094 (0.087) | − 0.026 (0.021) |
| ln(Pop) | 1.955 (2.038) | 1.046* (0.563) |
| ln(PGDP) | 1.082 (1.581) | 1.123*** (0.355) |
| ln(ST) | − 0.518*** (0.158) | − 0.077* (0.042) |
| ln(HPV) | − 0.180 (0.218) | − 0.094* (0.053) |
| Airport | − 0.534 (1.250) | 0.527* (0.306) |
| ln(Ter) | − 0.844 (1.502) | − 0.885*** (0.325) |
| Spatial rho | 0.419*** (0.099) | 0.258** (0.114) |
| City-fixed effect | Yes | Yes |
| Obs | 240 | 240 |
| R-squared | 0.815 | 0.890 |
*p < 0.10, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01; the values in parentheses are standard errors.