Table 2.
Characteristics of AxSpA patients with peripheral arthritis and/or dactylitis
| Peripheral arthritis | Dactylitis | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n = 276) | No (n = 618) | OR | P-valueb | Multiple regressionc | Yes (n = 60) | No (n = 837) | OR | P-valueb | Multiple regressionc | |
| Demographics and disease characteristics | ||||||||||
| Male sex, n (%) | 193 (69.9) | 478 (77.3) | 0.68 | 0.019 | -- | 33 (55.0) | 638 (76.2) | 0.38 | 0.003 | -- |
| Age in years, median (IQR) | 48 (38–57) | 44 (35–53) | -- | < 0.001 | -- | 46 (37–55) | 44 (36–55) | -- | 0.618 | -- |
| Age at AxSpA symptom onset, median (IQR) | 25 (19–33) | 24 (19–33) | -- | 0.956 | -- | 24 (19–31) | 25 (19–33) | -- | 0.6 | -- |
| Age at diagnosis, median (IQR) | 35 (25–43) | 33 (27–42) | -- | 0.884 | -- | 36 (26–43) | 34 (27–42) | -- | 0.355 | -- |
| Delay to diagnosis in years, median (IQR) | 5 (2–11) | 6 (2–12) | -- | 0.342 | -- | 7 (3–18) | 6 (2–11) | -- | 0.331 | -- |
| Disease duration in years, median (IQR) | 19 (10–31) | 15 (9–26) | -- | 0.001 | -- | 18 (11–28) | 16 (9–27) | -- | 0.407 | -- |
| mNY criteria for AS, n (%) | 201 (72.8) | 477 (77.2) | 0.79 | 0.176 | -- | 35 (58.3) | 645 (77.1) | 0.41 | 0.003 | -- |
| HLA-B27 positive, n (%) | 215 (83.0) | 503 (85.7) | 0.81 | 0.349 | -- | 46 (80.7) | 677 (85.2) | 0.78 | 0.343 | -- |
| Clinical measures of disease severity | ||||||||||
| BASDAI score, median (IQR) | 4.4 (2.2–6.3) | 3.3 (1.8–5.6) | -- | < 0.001 | 0.007 | 5.6 (3.7–7.1) | 3.5 (1.8–5.7) | -- | < 0.001 | 0.002 |
| BASMI score, median (IQR) | 3.8 (2.4–5.6) | 3.6 (2.2–5.6) | -- | 0.153 | -- | 3.3 (2.6–5.3) | 3.6 (2.2–5.6) | -- | 0.942 | -- |
| BASFI score, median (IQR) | 3.7 (1.5–6.4) | 2.9 (1.2–5.2) | -- | 0.001 | 0.005 | 3.9 (1.7–6.4) | 3.1 (1.3–5.5) | -- | 0.111 | -- |
| AsQoL score, median (IQR) | 7.0 (2.0–13.0) | 4.0 (1.0–10.0) | -- | < 0.001 | 0.002 | 8.5 (2.8–13.0) | 5.0 (1.0–11.0) | -- | 0.011 | 0.062 |
| HAQ-s score, median (IQR) | 0.5 (0.1–1.0) | 0.4 (0.0–0.8) | -- | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.6 (0.2–1.0) | 0.4 (0.0–0.8) | -- | 0.023 | 0.222 |
| Peripheral manifestations and EMMs | ||||||||||
| Uveitis, n (%) | 113 (42.3) | 190 (30.8) | 1.56 | 0.01 | 0.068 | 35 (59.3) | 272 (32.6) | 2.91 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Psoriasis, n (%) | 68 (25.2) | 80 (13.0) | 2.20 | < 0.001 | 0.001 | 21 (35.6) | 126 (15.1) | 3.38 | < 0.001 | 0.006 |
| IBDa, n (%) | 38 (14.0) | 57 (9.3) | 1.57 | 0.045 | 0.636 | 15 (25.0) | 80 (9.6) | 3.15 | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Peripheral arthritis, n (%) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 42 (70.0) | 226 (27.4) | 6.31 | < 0.001 | -- |
| Dactylitis, n (%) | 42 (15.7) | 18 (2.9) | 5.98 | <<0.001 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Depression, n (%) | 39 (14.2) | 52 (8.5) | 1.79 | 0.012 | 0.026 | 6 (10.2) | 85 (10.2) | 0.98 | -- | -- |
| Current therapies | ||||||||||
| Anti-TNF, n (%) | 171 (62.0) | 350 (56.6) | 1.25 | 0.143 | -- | 34 (56.7) | 486 (58.1) | 0.94 | 0.893 | -- |
| Methotrexate, n (%) | 32 (11.7) | 16 (2.6) | 4.93 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 10 (16.9) | 37 (4.5) | 4.32 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Sulfasalazine, n (%) | 16 (5.9) | 16 (2.6) | 2.31 | 0.03 | 0.002 | 3 (5.1) | 29 (3.5) | 1.47 | -- | -- |
| NSAID, n (%) | 152 (55.7) | 297 (48.5) | 1.32 | 0.058 | -- | 33 (55.9) | 421 (50.8) | 1.20 | 0.501 | -- |
| Multiple therapies, n (%) | 110 (39.9) | 157 (25.4) | 1.95 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 21 (35.0) | 247 (29.5) | 1.29 | 0.383 | -- |
| No current therapy, n (%) | 30 (10.9) | 94 (15.2) | 0.68 | 0.094 | -- | 5 (8.3) | 119 (14.2) | 0.55 | -- | -- |
aDefined as ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease
bMann Whitney U or Fisher’s exact
cIncludes gender, HLA-B27, AxSpA disease duration, smoking status, BMI and dactylitis or peripheral arthritis as covariates