TABLE 2.
Subgroup Analyses
| Subgroup analyses | No. studies | No. participants | Effect size (95% CI) | I 2 % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Studies (adherence as a categorical variable) | ||||
| N/A | ||||
| Studies (adherence as a continuous variable) | ||||
| 1. By adherence definitions | ||||
| MPR | 5 | 10,882 | −0.03 (−0.05 to −0.01) | 33.73 |
| PDC/adjusted MPR | 1 | 951 | −0.21 (−0.32 to −0.10) | N/A |
| Not specified/other | ||||
| 2. By insulin type | ||||
| Long-acting | 2 | 3,778 | −0.02 (−0.03 to −0.01) | 0 |
| Short-acting | 1 | 760 | −0.05 (−0.08 to −0.01) | N/A |
| All insulins/not noted | 3 | 7,295 | −0.11 (−0.22 to −0.00) | 81.66 |
MPR = medication possession ratio; N/A = not applicable; PDC = proportion of days covered.