Fig. 4.

Hawaiian psyllid radiation harbors additional coevolved symbiont lineages. Coevolutionary history of Pariaconus symbionts is traced onto the insect species cladogram. Individual sequence phylogenies for Morganella-like (Ca. Makana arginalis) and Dickeya-like (Ca. Malihini olakiniferum) 16S ASV symbiont sequences are not significantly different from the insect phylogeny (AU test, P > 0.05) (see also supplementary fig. S2, Supplementary Material online). As such, inferred evolutionary events of Morganella- and Dickeya-like symbiont loss are shown by arrows near the relevant ancestral node. Note cospeciation of Carsonella is not shown, but it is in all Pariaconus psyllids and mirrors the insect species cladogram (supplementary fig. S2, Supplementary Material online). Species groups are shown to the right of the tree, with minutus indicated by an “m.”