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Model for the transcriptional regulation of T4SS by the copper-sensing transcription factor ArsR2. Under normal physiological conditions, ArsR2 inhibited T4SS expression through the LuxR-type Regulator VjbR. However, during high copper ion concentration or infection, ArsR2 mitigated copper ion toxicity. Furthermore, copper modulated the transcriptional activity of ArsR2, leading to an upregulation of T4SS expression, while VjbR remained unaffected.
