Values greater than 0 indicate a higher prevalence of intake inadequacies in females than in males in the same country and age group, whereas values less than 0 indicate a higher prevalence of intake inadequacies in males than in females in the same country and age group. In the boxplots, the solid line indicates the median, the box indicates the IQR, the whiskers indicate 1·5 times the IQR, and the points beyond the whiskers indicate outliers. For a map of the World Bank regions, see appendix (p 15). DFE=dietary folate equivalents. RAE=retinol activity equivalents.