Fig. 2.

Flowchart depicting the data processing steps for the CWC approach. Light gray boxes with dashed lines indicate direct measurement quantities at wavelengths λ’ and λ, including self-calibrated complex reflectance ${\tilde{R}}_{SC}$ , complex reflectance measured at source 1-detector B ${\tilde{R}}_{1B}$ . Dark gray boxes indicate theoretical complex reflectance values $\tilde{R}$ for long source-detector distance ρ_L, $\tilde{R}({\rho }_L)$ . White boxes indicate calibration factors ${\tilde{C}}_{1B}$ . Subscript “p” indicates values measured from a calibration phantom with known optical properties. Green boxes indicate Monte Carlo look-up table (MC-LUT) method as an inverse or forward model. Red boxes indicate absorption and scattering optical properties (µ_a and µ_s′, respectively) extracted from theoretical $\tilde{R}$ using MC-LUT.