Table 1.

Histone interacting proteins involved in AD, PD, and FTD/ALS.

Disease	Proteinopathy	Epigenetic factors	Mechanism	Histone code role	Dysregulation	Model	Ref.
AD	Sporadic	BMI1	Component of ubiquitin ligase complex, PRC1	Writer	Decreased mRNA and protein levels	iPSCs	Flamier et al. (2018)
	Amyloid Beta	HDAC 2	Class I deacetylase	Eraser	Increased protein levels	Patient Brains	Gräff et al. (2012)
	Tau	KMT2C/2D	Lysine methyltransferase	Writer	Increased protein levels	Mice neurons	Cao et al. (2020)
		SETD1A/1B	Lysine methyltransferase	Writer	Increased protein levels	Patient neurons
PD	Sporadic	CBX5	Encodes for HP1, interacts with H3K9me3	Reader	Decreased mRNA	Patient blood cells	Calligaris et al. (2015)
		EZH1	Lysine methyltransferase, homolog of EZH2	Writer
	Alpha synuclein	HP1𝛼	Constitutive Heterochromatin Protein, Interacts with H3K9me3	Reader	Increased protein levels	Drosophila SH-SY5Y	Sugeno et al. (2016)
		EHMT2	H3K9me1/2 methyltransferase	Writer	Increased protein levels
		SUV39H2	H3K9me3 methyltransferase	Writer	Increased protein levels
		EZH1	Lysine methyltransferase, homolog of EZH2	Writer	Decreased protein levels
		KDM1B/4B/4C	H3K4me1/2 and H3K9me2/3 demethylase	Eraser	Increased protein levels	SH-SY5Y
		P300	Histone acetyltransferase	Writer	Reduced activity	Mice neurons	Jin et al. (2011)
	Parkin	SIRT1	Class III deacetylase	Eraser	Reduced activity	Patient Brains	Toker et al. (2021)
		P300	Histone acetyltransferase	Writer	Increased activity
FTD/ALS	Sporadic	HDAC2	Class I deacetylase	Eraser	Increased mRNA	Patient brains and spinal cords	Janssen et al. (2010)
		HDAC11	Class IV deacetylase	Eraser
		BAF	Chromatin Remodeler	Reader	Decreased protein levels	Patient neurons	Tibshirani et al. (2017)
		LSD1	H3K4me1/2 demethylase	Eraser	Increased immunoreactivity and protein levels	NSC-34	Choi et al. (2022)
	TDP-43	CHD2	ATP-dependent Chromatin Remodeler	Reader	Decreased protein levels	Patient brains	Berson et al. (2017)
		HDAC1	Class I deacetylase	Eraser	Reduced activity	Mice	Wu et al. (2020)
	FUS	PRMT1	H4R3me2 arginine methyltransferase	Writer	Decreased nuclear levels	Mice neurons	Tibshirani et al. (2015)
	C9orf72	HP1𝛼	Constitutive Heterochromatin Protein, Interacts with H3K9me3	Reader	Decreased expression and altered phase separation	Mice	Zhang et al. (2019)
		EZH2	H3K27me3 methyltransferase, enzymatic subunit of PRC2	Writer	Decreased protein levels and formation of insoluble aggregates	Patient brains	Wang et al. (2019)
		PRMT1	H4R3me2 arginine methyltransferase	Writer	Depleted from nucleus and cytosolically enriched	Drosophila	Ortega et al. (2020)