Table 2.
Physical function performance measures before and after 10 weeks of EngAGE use among older adults.
| Functional measures | Participants, n | Before 10 weeks | After 10 weeks | P valuea | Any improvement, n | Met MCIDb criteria, nc | |||||||||
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Pre | SE | SD | Post | SE | SD |
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| Frailty phenotype | |||||||||||||||
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Dominant handgrip strength (kg), mean | 10 | 26.3 | 3.5 | 11 | 27.6 | 3.7 | 11.6 | 0.33 | 7 | 4 | ||||
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Average 15-foot usual pace walk (s), meand | 9 | 4.3 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 4.3 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.86 | 5 | 3 | ||||
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Self-reported physical activity energy expenditure (kcal/wk), mean | 10 | 1304.3 | 407 | 1287 | 1687.7 | 615.9 | 1947.7 | 0.56 | 6 | 2 | ||||
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Exhaustion, n | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
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Self-reported weight (lb), mean | 10 | 168.4 | 14.3 | 45.1 | 172.5 | 16.4 | 52 | 0.4 | NRe | NR | ||||
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Frailty total score (range 0-5), mean | 10 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.01f | 6 | 6 | ||||
| SPPBg | |||||||||||||||
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Usual pace 3-meter walk (s), meand | 9 | 2.1 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 2 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.13 | 5 | 5 | ||||
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5 repeated chair stands (s), meand | 9 | 12 | 1.2 | 3.6 | 9.7 | 0.9 | 2.7 | 0.02f | 8 | 3 | ||||
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Side-by-side stanced (s), mean | 9 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | N/Ah | —i | — | ||||
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Side-by-side stance held 10 secondsd, n | 9 | 9 | N/A | N/A | 9 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||||
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Semitandem stanced (s), mean | 9 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | N/A | — | — | ||||
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Semitandem stance held 10 secondsd, n | 9 | 9 | N/A | N/A | 9 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||||
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Tandem stanced (s), mean | 9 | 5.9 | 1.5 | 4.4 | 6.5 | 1.2 | 3.6 | 0.78 | 5 | — | ||||
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Tandem stance held 10 secondsd, n | 9 | 4 | N/A | N/A | 3 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||||
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SPPB total score (range 0-12), meand | 9 | 10.2 | 0.6 | 1.6 | 10.9 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.22 | 5 | 5 | ||||
aUnadjusted, paired, 2-tailed t tests were used for normally distributed continuous variables, Wilcoxon matched-pairs sign rank test was used for nonnormally distributed continuous variables.
bMCID: minimal clinically important difference.
cGrip strength change: +2.5 kg; 15-foot usual walk: +0.05 m/s; physical activity: no longer meeting physical frailty “low physical activity” criteria; exhaustion: no longer meeting physical frailty “exhaustion” criteria; weight: not reported; frailty: –1 point; 3-meter usual walk: +0.05 mps; 5 repeated chair stands: –2.3 s; side-by-side stance: number able to hold for 10 seconds; semitandem stance: number able to hold for 10 seconds; tandem stance: number able to hold for 10 seconds; Short Physical Performance Battery score: +0.5 points.
dExcludes the wheelchair-bound participant.
eNR: Not reported.
fStatistically significant.
gSPPB: Short Physical Performance Battery.
hN/A: not applicable.
iNot available.