Table 3.

Summary of key studies on bioscaffolds for corneal regeneration.

Study	Scaffold Type	Functionalization Methods	Cell Type(s) Used	Key Findings
Fagerholm P. et al. [18]	Collagen-based	None	Human corneal epithelial cells	Restored vision in animal models, good integration with host tissue
Nosrati H. et al. [17]	Gelatin-based	RGD peptides	Corneal epithelial cells	Improved cell adhesion and proliferation
Fagerholm P. et al. [18]	Decellularized porcine	Optimized SDS protocol	None	Maintained mechanical properties and transparency of decellularized corneal scaffolds
Tayebi, T et al. [19]	Decellularized porcine	Enzymatic (trypsin and dispase)	None	Retained critical ECM components essential for cell attachment and function
Yan, B et al. [21]	Collagen-based	None	MSCs	Improved wound healing and reduced scarring in a model of corneal alkali burn
Yu, X et al. [28]	Collagen-based	Combined chemical and enzymatic approach	None	Improved decellularization, retaining critical ECM components for tissue engineering
Teimouri, R et al. [23]	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based	None	Human corneal endothelial cells	Biodegradable and biocompatible hydrogel films for regeneration of corneal endothelium
Fagerholm P. et al. [18]	Amniotic membrane-based	None	Keratocytes	A novel tissue-engineered corneal stromal equivalent
Ahearne, M. et al. [10]	Silk fibroin-based	None	Human corneal endothelial cells	Human corneal endothelial cell growth on a silk fibroin membrane
Tayebi et al. [19]	Chitosan-based	None	Various cell types	Supports cell attachment, proliferation, and bone regeneration