Figure 1.

Life cycle of bacteriophages and its application to medicine [4,5,17,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81]. Phages can be divided into two main groups based on their life cycles: lytic phages, which definitely destroy bacterial host upon infections, and lysogenic phages, which stay dormant in bacteria and replicate their DNA without destroying the host until they are induced to enter lytic life cycle [82]. Life cycles of phages have been adopted for use in various ways in medicine, industry, and research.