Table 3. Mean long jump distance in main trial participants at 1, 2 and 3 years follow-up by allocation: overall and by subgroup.
| Vitamin D arm: mean distance, m (SD) (n) | Placebo arm: mean distance, m (SD) (n) | Adjusted mean difference (95% CI)* | P for time point | Overall p value | P for interaction | |
| Overall | ||||||
| 1 year | 117.6 (22.4) (4206) | 117.1 (21.9) (4201) | 0.47 (−0.50, 1.45) | 0.34 | 0.33 | -- |
| 2 years | 124.2 (23.5) (3790) | 124.0 (22.8) (3809) | 0.42 (−0.57, 1.41) | 0.41 | ||
| 3 years | 132.0 (26.4) (4012) | 131.3 (25.4) (3988) | 0.76 (−0.22, 1.74) | 0.13 | ||
| By sex | ||||||
| Male | ||||||
| 1 year | 125.9 (22.2) (2177) | 124.9 (21.6) (2094) | 0.71 (−0.66, 2.08) | 0.31 | 0.17 | 0.04† |
| 2 years | 134.2 (23.7) (1944) | 133.1 (23.0) (1895) | 1.10 (−0.30, 2.50) | 0.13 | ||
| 3 years | 144.4 (26.9) (2065) | 142.9 (25.8) (1984) | 1.32 (−0.06, 2.70) | 0.06 | ||
| Female | ||||||
| 1 year | 108.8 (18.9) (2029) | 109.4 (19.2) (2107) | −0.40 (−1.53, 0.72) | 0.48 | 0.18 | |
| 2 years | 113.6 (18.0) (1846) | 115.0 (18.6) (1914) | −1.01 (−2.17, 0.14) | 0.09 | ||
| 3 years | 118.8 (18.3) (1947) | 119.9 (18.9) (2004) | −0.73 (−1.87, 0.41) | 0.21 | ||
| By baseline 25(OH)D concentration‡ | ||||||
| <25 nmol/L | ||||||
| 1 year | 119.2 (22.6) (1339) | 119.3 (22.1) (1343) | 0.32 (−1.42, 2.05) | 0.72 | 0.78 | 0.54 |
| 2 years | 125.6 (24.1) (1212) | 126.1 (23.9) (1219) | 0.51 (−1.26, 2.28) | 0.58 | ||
| 3 years | 133.3 (26.8) (1268) | 133.3 (25.4) (1288) | 0.80 (−0.96, 2.55) | 0.37 | ||
| ≥25 nmol/L | ||||||
| 1 year | 116.9 (22.2) (2866) | 116.1 (21.7) (2854) | 0.65 (−0.51, 1.81) | 0.27 | 0.23 | |
| 2 years | 123.5 (23.2) (2577) | 123.0 (22.2) (2587) | 0.48 (−0.71, 1.67) | 0.43 | ||
| 3 years | 131.4 (26.2) (2743) | 130.4 (25.3) (2697) | 0.85 (−0.33, 2.02) | 0.16 | ||
| By calcium intake | ||||||
| <500 mg/day | ||||||
| 1 year | 117.7 (22.0) (1461) | 117.3 (21.9) (1412) | 0.34 (−0.90, 1.59) | 0.59 | 0.42 | 0.84 |
| 2 years | 124.3 (23.3) (1355) | 123.8 (22.6) (1301) | 0.55 (−0.72, 1.81) | 0.40 | ||
| 3 years | 131.8 (26.2) (1422) | 131.1 (25.2) (1382) | 0.65 (−0.60, 1.89) | 0.31 | ||
| ≥500 mg/day | ||||||
| 1 year | 117.5 (22.8) (2562) | 116.7 (21.9) (2579) | 0.96 (−0.76, 2.67) | 0.28 | 0.49 | |
| 2 years | 124.0 (23.9) (2329) | 124.3 (23.1) (2385) | 0.31 (−1.44, 2.05) | 0.73 | ||
| 3 years | 132.5 (27.0) (2510) | 131.7 (25.7) (2527) | 1.30 (−0.42, 3.03) | 0.14 | ||
*
Adjusted for baseline value and school of attendance.
†
After correction for multiple comparisons testing using the Benjamini and Hochberg method and a false discovery rate of 10%, this P-p value for interaction did not remain significant (critical threshold of significance for family of P-p values was <0.03).
‡
Deseasonalised values.
Nnumber25(OH)D25-hydroxyvitamin D